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Gaia Early Data Release 3. Parallax bias versus magnitude, colour, and position
Biermann, M.; Klioner, S. A.; Lindegren, L. +14 more
Context. Gaia Early Data Release 3 (Gaia EDR3) gives trigonometric parallaxes for nearly 1.5 billion sources. Inspection of the EDR3 data for sources identified as quasars reveals that their parallaxes are biased, that is, they are systematically offset from the expected distribution around zero, by a few tens of microarcseconds.
Aims: We att…
The eROSITA X-ray telescope on SRG
Finoguenov, A.; Böhringer, H.; Haberl, F. +90 more
eROSITA (extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array) is the primary instrument on the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) mission, which was successfully launched on July 13, 2019, from the Baikonour cosmodrome. After the commissioning of the instrument and a subsequent calibration and performance verification phase, eROSITA started a surv…
Cosmic Distances Calibrated to 1% Precision with Gaia EDR3 Parallaxes and Hubble Space Telescope Photometry of 75 Milky Way Cepheids Confirm Tension with ΛCDM
Casertano, Stefano; Riess, Adam G.; Yuan, Wenlong +4 more
We present an expanded sample of 75 Milky Way Cepheids with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) photometry and Gaia EDR3 parallaxes, which we use to recalibrate the extragalactic distance ladder and refine the determination of the Hubble constant. All HST observations were obtained with the same instrument (WFC3) and filters (F555W, F814W, F160W) used fo…
Gaia Early Data Release 3. Photometric content and validation
Gilmore, G.; Harrison, D. L.; Jordi, C. +39 more
Context. Gaia Early Data Release 3 (Gaia EDR3) contains astrometry and photometry results for about 1.8 billion sources based on observations collected by the European Space Agency Gaia satellite during the first 34 months of its operational phase.
Aims: In this paper, we focus on the photometric content, describing the input data, the algori…
Primordial black holes as a dark matter candidate
Kavanagh, Bradley J.; Green, Anne M.
The detection of gravitational waves from mergers of tens of Solar mass black hole binaries has led to a surge in interest in primordial black holes (PBHs) as a dark matter candidate. We aim to provide a (relatively) concise overview of the status of PBHs as a dark matter candidate, circa Summer 2020. First we review the formation of PBHs in the e…
The GALAH+ survey: Third data release
Lewis, Geraint F.; Ting, Yuan-Sen; Casey, Andrew R. +44 more
The ensemble of chemical element abundance measurements for stars, along with precision distances and orbit properties, provides high-dimensional data to study the evolution of the Milky Way. With this third data release of the Galactic Archaeology with HERMES (GALAH) survey, we publish 678 423 spectra for 588 571 mostly nearby stars (81.2 per cen…
Measurements of the Hubble Constant: Tensions in Perspective
Freedman, Wendy L.
Measurement of the distances to nearby galaxies has improved rapidly in recent decades. The ever-present challenge is to reduce systematic effects, especially as greater distances are probed and the uncertainties become larger. In this paper, we combine several recent calibrations of the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) method. These calibration…
Gaia EDR3 view on galactic globular clusters
Vasiliev, Eugene; Baumgardt, Holger
We use the data from Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) to study the kinematic properties of Milky Way globular clusters. We measure the mean parallaxes and proper motions (PM) for 170 clusters, determine the PM dispersion profiles for more than 100 clusters, uncover rotation signatures in more than 20 objects, and find evidence for radial or tangen…
A million binaries from Gaia eDR3: sample selection and validation of Gaia parallax uncertainties
Rix, Hans-Walter; El-Badry, Kareem; Heintz, Tyler M.
We construct from Gaia eDR3 an extensive catalogue of spatially resolved binary stars within ≈1 kpc of the Sun, with projected separations ranging from a few au to 1 pc. We estimate the probability that each pair is a chance alignment empirically, using the Gaia catalogue itself to calculate the rate of chance alignments as a function of observabl…
Gaia Early Data Release 3. Catalogue validation
Jordi, C.; Luri, X.; Cantat-Gaudin, T. +33 more
Context. The third Gaia data release is published in two stages. The early part, Gaia EDR3, gives very precise astrometric and photometric properties for nearly two billion sources together with seven million radial velocities from Gaia DR2. The full release, Gaia DR3, will add radial velocities, spectra, light curves, and astrophysical parameters…