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Discordance analysis on a high-resolution valley network map of Mars: Assessing the effects of scale on the conformity of valley orientation and surface slope direction
Bahia, Rickbir S.; Covey-Crump, Stephen; Jones, Merren A. +1 more
Fluvial valleys incised into planetary surfaces display morphologies, geometries and orientations that can be used to understand their controlling processes. Comparisons between valley orientations and topographic surface slope direction have been used to understand how Martian surfaces have evolved (Luo and Stepinski, 2012; Black et al., 2017); h…
Very Large Telescope MUSE Observations of the Bubble Nebula around NGC 1313 X-2 and Evidence for Additional Photoionization
Feng, Hua; Bian, Fuyan; Zhou, Changxing +1 more
The bubble nebula surrounding NGC 1313 X-2 is believed to be powered by high velocity winds from the central ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) as a result of supercritical accretion. With the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) observation of the nebula, we find enhanced [O III] emission at locations spatially coincident with clusters of stars…
The high energy spectrum of Proxima Centauri simultaneously observed at X-ray and FUV wavelengths
Czesla, S.; France, K.; Predehl, P. +6 more
The M dwarf Proxima Centauri, the Sun's closest stellar neighbour, is known to be magnetically active and it hosts a likely Earth-like planet in its habitable zone. High-energy radiation from the host star can significantly alter planetary atmospheres in close orbits. Frequent flaring may drive radiation-induced effects such as rapid atmospheric e…
X-ray astronomy comes of age
Wilkes, Belinda J.; Schartel, Norbert; Santos-Lleo, Maria +1 more
The Chandra X-ray Observatory (Chandra) and the X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) continue to expand the frontiers of knowledge about high-energy processes in the Universe. These groundbreaking observatories lead an X-ray astronomy revolution: revealing the physical processes and extreme conditions involved in producing cosmic X-rays in obje…
Energy deposition in Saturn's equatorial upper atmosphere
Hu, X.; Galand, M.; Yelle, R. V. +6 more
We construct Saturn equatorial neutral temperature and density profiles of H, H2, He, and CH4, between 10-12 and 1 bar using measurements from Cassini's Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer (INMS) taken during the spacecraft's final plunge into Saturn's atmosphere on 15 September 2017, combined with previous deeper atmosp…
Martian Atmospheric Thermal Structure and Dust Distribution During the MY 34 Global Dust Storm From ACS TIRVIM Nadir Observations
Forget, F.; Montmessin, F.; Korablev, O. +14 more
The Thermal InfraRed channel in honor of professor Vassili Ivanovich Moroz (TIRVIM) of the Atmospheric Chemistry Suite onboard ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter has continuously monitored the Martian atmosphere from 13 March 2018 until 2 December 2019, covering almost a complete Martian Year (MY). In the nadir mode of observations, infrared spectra obtain…
Kharkiv database of asteroid absolute magnitudes: Comparative analysis with other datasets
Muinonen, K.; Penttilä, A.; Kwiatkowski, T. +9 more
We present a database of the absolute magnitudes of asteroids named the Kharkiv Asteroid Absolute Magnitude Database (KhAAMD). The database includes a homogeneous set of the absolute magnitudes for about 400 asteroids in the new HG1G2 magnitude system. We performed a comparative analysis of the asteroid absolute magnitudes be…
Black holes at cosmic dawn in the redshifted 21cm signal of HI
Mirabel, I. F.; Rodríguez, L. F.
The first stars (Pop III stars) and Black Holes (BHs) formed in galaxies at Cosmic Dawn (CD) have not been observed and remain poorly constrained. Theoretical models predict that indirect insights of those Pop III stars and BHs could be imprinted as an absorption signal in the 21cm line of the atomic hydrogen (HI) in the cold Intergalactic Medium …
Solar Energetic Particle Time Series Analysis with Python
Dresing, Nina; Vainio, Rami; Price, Daniel J. +6 more
Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) are charged particles accelerated within the solar atmosphere or the interplanetary space by explosive phenomena such as solar flares or Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). Once injected into the interplanetary space, they can propagate towards Earth, causing space weather related phenomena. For their analysis, interpla…
Semi-supervised classification and clustering analysis for variable stars
Catelan, M.; Protopapas, P.; Pichara, K. +1 more
The immense amount of time series data produced by astronomical surveys has called for the use of machine learning algorithms to discover and classify several million celestial sources. In the case of variable stars, supervised learning approaches have become commonplace. However, this needs a considerable collection of expert-labelled light curve…