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Parameter Estimation for Open Clusters using an Artificial Neural Network with a QuadTree-based Feature Extractor
Cantat-Gaudin, Tristan; Spina, Lorenzo; Carraro, Giovanni +7 more
With the unprecedented increase in the number of known star clusters, quick and modern tools are needed for their analysis. In this work, we develop an artificial neural network (ANN) trained on synthetic clusters to estimate the age, metallicity, extinction, and distance of Gaia open clusters. We implement a novel technique to extract features fr…
The COSMOS-Web ring: In-depth characterization of an Einstein ring lensing system at z ∼ 2
Sanders, D. B.; Ilbert, O.; Kartaltepe, J. S. +35 more
Aims: We provide an in-depth analysis of the COSMOS-Web ring, an Einstein ring at z ≈ 2 that we serendipitously discovered during the data reduction of the COSMOS-Web survey and that could be the most distant lens discovered to date.
Methods: We extracted the visible and near-infrared photometry of the source and the lens from more than …
Morphology of Galaxies in JWST Fields: Initial Distribution and Evolution of Galaxy Morphology
Hwang, Ho Seong; Lee, Jeong Hwan; Park, Changbom +1 more
A recent study from the Horizon Run 5 (HR5) cosmological simulation has predicted that galaxies with
CECILIA: Direct O, N, S, and Ar Abundances in Q2343-D40, a Galaxy at z ∼ 3
Rudie, Gwen C.; Strom, Allison L.; Trainor, Ryan F. +3 more
Measurements of chemical abundances in high-z star-forming (SF) galaxies place important constraints on the enrichment histories of galaxies and the physical conditions in the early Universe. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is beginning to enable direct chemical abundance measurements in galaxies at z > 2 via the detection of the faint T …
Gravitational imaging through a triple source plane lens: revisiting the ΛCDM-defying dark subhalo in SDSSJ0946+1006
Collett, Thomas E.; Smith, Russell J.; Turner, Hannah C. +2 more
The ΛCDM paradigm successfully explains the large-scale structure of the Universe, but is less well constrained on subgalactic scales. Gravitational lens modelling has been used to measure the imprints of dark substructures on lensed arcs, testing the small-scale predictions of ΛCDM. However, the methods required for these tests are subject to deg…
The NIRVANDELS survey: the stellar and gas-phase mass-metallicity relations of star-forming galaxies at z = 3.5
Cullen, F.; McLure, R. J.; Dunlop, J. S. +18 more
We present determinations of the gas-phase and stellar metallicities of a sample of 65 star-forming galaxies at $z \simeq 3.5$ using rest-frame far-ultraviolet (FUV) spectroscopy from the VANDELS survey in combination with follow-up rest-frame optical spectroscopy from VLT/KMOS and Keck/MOSFIRE. We infer gas-phase oxygen abundances ($Z_{\mathrm{g}…
IXPE observation confirms a high spin in the accreting black hole 4U 1957+115
Antonelli, L. A.; Costa, E.; Bianchi, S. +113 more
We present the results of the first X-ray polarimetric observation of the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1957+115, performed with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer in May 2023. The binary system has been in a high-soft spectral state since its discovery and is thought to host a black hole. The ∼571 ks observation reveals a linear polarisation degre…
Probing the soft X-ray properties and multi-wavelength variability of SN2023ixf and its progenitor
Auchettl, Katie; Shappee, Benjamin J.; Beacom, John F. +3 more
We present a detailed analysis of nearly two decades of optical/UV and X-ray data to study the multi-wavelength pre-explosion properties and post-explosion X-ray properties of nearby SN2023ixf located in M101. We find no evidence of precursor activity in the optical to UV down to a luminosity of $\lesssim$ $1.0×105 \textrm{L}_{\odot}$ ,…
Dissecting the stochastic gravitational wave background with astrometry
Dai, Liang; Xue, Xiao; Çalışkan, Mesut +3 more
Astrometry, the precise measurement of star motions, offers an alternative avenue to investigate low-frequency gravitational waves through the spatial deflection of photons, complementing pulsar timing arrays reliant on timing residuals. Upcoming data from Gaia, Theia, and Roman can not only cross-check pulsar timing array findings but also explor…
Synchrotron intensity gradient revealing magnetic fields in galaxy clusters
Brunetti, G.; Bonafede, A.; Stuardi, C. +3 more
Magnetic fields and their dynamical interplay with matter in galaxy clusters contribute to the physical properties and evolution of the intracluster medium. However, the current understanding of the origin and properties of cluster magnetic fields is still limited by observational challenges. In this article, we map the magnetic fields at hundreds…