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A new reference catalogue for the very metal-poor Universe: +150 OB stars in Sextans A
Herrero, A.; Castro, N.; Najarro, F. +3 more
Local Group (LG) very metal-poor massive stars are the best proxy for the First Stars of the Universe and fundamental to modelling the evolution of early galaxies. These stars may follow new evolutionary pathways restricted to very low metallicities, such as chemically homogeneous evolution (CHE). However, given the great distance leap needed to r…
A CO isotopologue Line Atlas within the Whirlpool galaxy Survey (CLAWS)
Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik; Leroy, Adam K.; Rosolowsky, Erik +24 more
We present the CO isotopologue Line Atlas within the Whirpool galaxy Survey (CLAWS), which is based on an IRAM 30 m large programme that provides a benchmark study of numerous faint CO isotopologues in the millimetre-wavelength regime across the full disc of the nearby grand-design spiral galaxy M 51 (NGC 5194). The survey's core goal is to use th…
Kepler-167e as a Probe of the Formation Histories of Cold Giants with Inner Super-Earths
Knutson, Heather A.; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Howard, Andrew W. +6 more
The observed correlation between outer giant planets and inner super-Earths is emerging as an important constraint on planet formation theories. In this study, we focus on Kepler-167, which is currently the only system known to contain both inner transiting super-Earths and a confirmed outer transiting gas giant companion beyond 1 au. Using long-t…
Eclipse Timing the Milky Way's Gravitational Potential
Huber, Daniel; Chang, Philip; Stevens, Daniel J. +4 more
We show that a small but measurable shift in the eclipse midpoint time of eclipsing binary (EBs) stars of ~0.1 s over a decade baseline can be used to directly measure the Galactic acceleration of stars in the Milky Way at ~kiloparsec distances from the Sun. We consider contributions to the period drift rate from dynamical mechanisms other than th…
COSMOS2020: UV-selected galaxies at z ≥ 7.5
Sanders, D. B.; Ilbert, O.; Kartaltepe, J. S. +16 more
This paper presents a new search for z ≥ 7.5 galaxies using the COSMOS2020 photometric catalogues. Finding galaxies at the reionisation epoch through deep imaging surveys remains observationally challenging. The larger area covered by ground-based surveys such as COSMOS enables the discovery of the brightest galaxies at these high redshifts. Cover…
Similarities behind the high- and low-α disc: small intrinsic abundance scatter and migrating stars
Ness, Melissa K.; Buck, Tobias; Johnston, Kathryn V. +2 more
The detailed age-chemical abundance relations of stars measure time-dependent chemical evolution. These trends offer strong empirical constraints on nucleosynthetic processes, as well as the homogeneity of star-forming gas. Characterizing chemical abundances of stars across the Milky Way over time has been made possible very recently, thanks to su…
The Gaia-ESO survey: constraining evolutionary models and ages for young low mass stars with measurements of lithium depletion and rotation
Gilmore, G.; Bayo, A.; Randich, S. +13 more
A growing disquiet has emerged in recent years that standard stellar models are at odds with observations of the colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) and lithium depletion patterns of pre-main sequence stars in clusters. In this work we select 1246 high probability K/M-type constituent members of five young open clusters (5-125 Myr) in the Gaia-ESO Su…
Probing Multiphase Gas in Local Massive Elliptical Galaxies via Multiwavelength Observations
Simionescu, A.; Gaspari, M.; Amblard, A. +6 more
We investigate the cold and warm gas content, kinematics, and spatial distribution of six local massive elliptical galaxies to probe the origin of the multiphase gas in their atmospheres. We report new observations, including Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy [C II], Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array CO, Multi Unit Spectr…
The velocity structure of the intracluster medium of the Centaurus cluster
Fabian, A. C.; Pinto, C.; Sanders, J. S. +7 more
There are few direct measurements of the intracluster medium (ICM) velocity structure, despite its importance for understanding clusters. We present a detailed analysis of the velocity structure of the Centaurus cluster using XMM-Newton observations. Using a new European Photon Imaging Camera-pn energy scale calibration, which uses the Cu Kα instr…
Age determination of galaxy merger remnant stars using asteroseismology
Davies, Guy R.; Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik; Laporte, Chervin F. P. +12 more
The Milky Way was shaped by the mergers with several galaxies in the past. We search for remnant stars that were born in these foreign galaxies and assess their ages in an effort to put upper limits on the merger times and thereby better understand the evolutionary history of our Galaxy. Using 5D-phase space information from Gaia eDR3, radial velo…