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Clouds and Clarity: Revisiting Atmospheric Feature Trends in Neptune-size Exoplanets
Fortney, Jonathan J.; Mikal-Evans, Thomas; Lothringer, Joshua D. +12 more
Over the last decade, precise exoplanet transmission spectroscopy has revealed the atmospheres of dozens of exoplanets, driven largely by observatories like the Hubble Space Telescope. One major discovery has been the ubiquity of atmospheric aerosols, often blocking access to exoplanet chemical inventories. Tentative trends have been identified, s…
MINDS: JWST/NIRCam imaging of the protoplanetary disk PDS 70. A spiral accretion stream and a potential third protoplanet
Waters, L. B. F. M.; Olofsson, G.; Kamp, I. +28 more
Context. Two protoplanets have recently been discovered within the PDS 70 protoplanetary disk. JWST/NIRCam offers a unique opportunity to characterize them and their birth environment at wavelengths that are difficult to access from the ground.
Aims: We image the circumstellar environment of PDS 70 at 1.87 µm and 4.83 µm, assess t…
Constraining stellar and orbital co-evolution through ensemble seismology of solar-like oscillators in binary systems. A census of oscillating red giants and dwarf stars in Gaia DR3 binaries
Allende Prieto, C.; Merc, J.; Holl, B. +23 more
Context. Binary systems constitute a valuable astrophysics tool for testing our understanding of stellar structure and evolution. Systems containing at least one oscillating component are interesting in this regard because asteroseismology offers independent parameters for the oscillating component that aid in the analysis. Systems of particular i…
Physical properties of asteroid Dimorphos as derived from the DART impact
Pajola, M.; Rossi, A.; Dotto, E. +39 more
On 26 September 2022, NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission successfully impacted Dimorphos, the natural satellite of the binary near-Earth asteroid (65803) Didymos. Numerical simulations of the impact provide a means to find the surface material properties and structures of the target that are consistent with the observed momentu…
GA-NIFS: Early-stage feedback in a heavily obscured active galactic nucleus at z = 4.76
Charlot, Stéphane; Chevallard, Jacopo; Parlanti, Eleonora +19 more
Dust-obscured galaxies are thought to represent an early evolutionary phase of massive galaxies in which the active galactic nucleus (AGN) is still deeply buried in significant amounts of dusty material and its emission is strongly suppressed. The unprecedented sensitivity of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) enabled us for the first time to d…
Testing theories of gravity with planetary ephemerides
Fienga, Agnès; Minazzoli, Olivier
We describe here how planetary ephemerides are built in the framework of General Relativity and how they can be used to test alternative theories. We focus on the definition of the reference frame (space and time) in which the planetary ephemeris is described, the equations of motion that govern the orbits of solar system bodies and electromagneti…
JWST-TST High Contrast: Achieving Direct Spectroscopy of Faint Substellar Companions Next to Bright Stars with the NIRSpec Integral Field Unit
Anderson, Jay; Wakeford, Hannah R.; van der Marel, Roeland P. +33 more
The JWST NIRSpec integral field unit (IFU) presents a unique opportunity to observe directly imaged exoplanets from 3 to 5 µm at moderate spectral resolution (R ∼ 2700) and thereby better constrain the composition, disequilibrium chemistry, and cloud properties of their atmospheres. In this work, we present the first NIRSpec IFU high-contras…
Tracing Population III supernovae with extreme energies through the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy
Salvadori, S.; Skúladóttir, Á.; Vanni, I. +1 more
The Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy is old and metal-poor, making it ideal to study the earliest chemical enrichment in the Local Group. We followed up on the most metal-poor star known in this (or any external) galaxy, AS0039, with high-resolution ESO VLT/UVES spectra. Our new analysis confirmed its low metallicity, [Fe/H]LTE = −3.90 …
A3COSMOS: The infrared luminosity function and dust-obscured star formation rate density at 0.5 < z < 6
Magnelli, B.; Pozzi, F.; Feltre, A. +16 more
Aims: We leverage the largest available Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) survey from the archive (A3COSMOS) to study infrared luminosity function and dust-obscured star formation rate density of (sub)millimeter galaxies from z = 0.5 − 6.
Methods: The A3COSMOS survey utilizes all publicly available…
GA-NIFS: JWST/NIRSpec integral field unit observations of HFLS3 reveal a dense galaxy group at z ∼ 6.3
Chevallard, Jacopo; Carniani, Stefano; Übler, Hannah +19 more
Massive, starbursting galaxies in the early Universe represent some of the most extreme objects in the study of galaxy evolution. One such source is HFLS3 (z ∼ 6.34), which was originally identified as an extreme starburst galaxy with mild gravitational magnification (µ ∼ 2.2). Here, we present new observations of HFLS3 with the JWST/NIRSpec…