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Dynamical Mass of the Young Substellar Companion HD 984 B
Dupuy, Trent J.; Kraus, Adam L.; Tran, Quang H. +5 more
Model-independent masses of substellar companions are critical tools to validate models of planet and brown dwarf cooling, test their input physics, and determine the formation and evolution of these objects. In this work, we measure the dynamical mass and orbit of the young substellar companion HD 984 B. We obtained new high-contrast imaging of t…
Episodic Gaseous Outflows and Mass Loss from Red Supergiants
Humphreys, Roberta M.; Jones, Terry J.
The red hypergiant VY CMa and the more typical red supergiant (RSG) Betelgeuse provide clear observational evidence for discrete, directed gaseous outflows in their optical and infrared imaging, spectra, and light curves. In the very luminous VY CMa, mass-loss estimates from the infrared-bright knots and clumps not only dominate its measured overa…
3D hydrodynamic simulations for the formation of the Local Group satellite planes
Famaey, Benoit; Kroupa, Pavel; Ibata, Rodrigo +5 more
The existence of mutually correlated thin and rotating planes of satellite galaxies around both the Milky Way (MW) and Andromeda (M31) calls for an explanation. Previous work in Milgromian dynamics (MOND) indicated that a past MW-M31 encounter might have led to the formation of these satellite planes. We perform the first-ever hydrodynamical MOND …
Progenitor and close-in circumstellar medium of type II supernova 2020fqv from high-cadence photometry and ultra-rapid UV spectroscopy
Pérez-Fournon, I.; Poidevin, F.; Shirley, R. +35 more
We present observations of SN 2020fqv, a Virgo-cluster type II core-collapse supernova (CCSN) with a high temporal resolution light curve from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) covering the time of explosion; ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) starting 3.3 d post-explosion; ground-based spectroscopic…
The early Universe was dust-rich and extremely hot
Moncelsi, Lorenzo; Sun, Guochao; Viero, Marco P. +2 more
We investigate the dust properties and star-formation signature of galaxies in the early Universe by stacking 111 227 objects in the recently released COSMOS catalogue on maps at wavelengths bracketing the peak of warmed dust emission. We find an elevated far-infrared luminosity density to redshift 8, indicating abundant dust in the early Universe…
The Connection Between Galactic Outflows and the Escape of Ionizing Photons
Chisholm, John; Rigby, Jane R.; Bayliss, Matthew +13 more
We analyze spectra of a gravitationally lensed galaxy, known as the Sunburst Arc, that is leaking ionizing photons, also known as the Lyman continuum (LyC). Magnification from gravitational lensing permits the galaxy to be spatially resolved into one region that leaks ionizing photons and several that do not. Rest-frame UV and optical spectra from…
Euclid preparation. XIII. Forecasts for galaxy morphology with the Euclid Survey using deep generative models
Cimatti, A.; Schultheis, M.; Baccigalupi, C. +194 more
We present a machine learning framework to simulate realistic galaxies for the Euclid Survey, producing more complex and realistic galaxies than the analytical simulations currently used in Euclid. The proposed method combines a control on galaxy shape parameters offered by analytic models with realistic surface brightness distributions learned fr…
Diagnosing DASH: A Catalog of Structural Properties for the COSMOS-DASH Survey
van Dokkum, Pieter G.; Franx, Marijn; Muzzin, Adam +16 more
We present the H 160 morphological catalogs for the COSMOS-DASH survey, the largest area near-IR survey using HST-WFC3 to date. Utilizing the "Drift And SHift" observing technique for HST-WFC3 imaging, the COSMOS-DASH survey imaged approximately 0.5 deg2 of the UltraVISTA deep stripes (0.7 deg2, when combined with …
Triply eclipsing triple stars in the northern TESS fields: TICs 193993801, 388459317, and 52041148
Mitnyan, T.; Pál, A.; Vanderburg, A. +23 more
In this work we report the discovery and analysis of three new triply eclipsing triple star systems found with the TESS mission during its observations of the northern skies: TICs 193993801, 388459317, and 52041148. We utilized the TESS precision photometry of the binary eclipses and third-body eclipsing events, ground-based archival and follow-up…
HR 6819 is a binary system with no black hole. Revisiting the source with infrared interferometry and optical integral field spectroscopy
Rivinius, Th.; Baade, D.; Shenar, T. +16 more
Context. Two scenarios have been proposed to match the existing observational constraints of the object HR 6819. The system could consist of a close inner B-type giant plus a black hole (BH) binary with an additional Be companion in a wide orbit. Alternatively, it could be a binary composed of a stripped B star and a Be star in a close orbit. Eith…