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A likely flyby of binary protostar Z CMa caught in action
Henning, Thomas; Dong, Ruobing; Pyo, Tae-Soo +16 more
Close encounters between young stellar objects in star-forming clusters are expected to markedly perturb circumstellar disks. Such events are witnessed in numerical simulations of star formation1-3, but few direct observations of ongoing encounters have been made. Here we report sub-0.1″-resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter…
Systematic KMTNet planetary anomaly search. V. Complete sample of 2018 prime-field
Stassun, Keivan G.; Han, Cheongho; Udalski, Andrzej +69 more
We complete the analysis of all 2018 prime-field microlensing planets identified by the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) Anomaly Finder. Among the ten previously unpublished events with clear planetary solutions, eight are either unambiguously planetary or are very likely to be planetary in nature: OGLE-2018-BLG-1126, KMT-2018-BLG-200…
Tracing the Milky Way warp and spiral arms with classical Cepheids
Kovtyukh, V.; Lemasle, B.; Kniazev, A. +10 more
Context. Mapping the Galactic spiral structure is a difficult task since the Sun is located in the Galactic plane and because of dust extinction. For these reasons, molecular masers in radio wavelengths have been used with great success to trace the Milky Way spiral arms. Recently, Gaia parallaxes have helped in investigating the spiral structure …
Intermediate- and high-velocity clouds in the Milky Way - I. Covering factors and vertical heights
Lehner, Nicolas; Howk, J. Christopher; Marasco, Antonino +1 more
Intermediate- and high-velocity clouds (IVCs, HVCs) are a potential source of fuel for star formation in the Milky Way (MW), but their origins and fates depend sensitively on their distances. We search for IVCs and HVCs in HST high-resolution ultraviolet spectra of 55 halo stars at vertical heights $|z|\gtrsim \,1$ kpc. We show that IVCs (40 ≤ |$v…
Retrieving the C and O Abundances of HR 7672 AB: A Solar-type Primary Star with a Benchmark Brown Dwarf
Fitzgerald, Michael P.; Skemer, Andrew; Wallack, Nicole L. +30 more
A benchmark brown dwarf (BD) is a BD whose properties (e.g., mass and chemical composition) are precisely and independently measured. Benchmark BDs are valuable in testing theoretical evolutionary tracks, spectral synthesis, and atmospheric retrievals for substellar objects. Here, we report results of atmospheric retrieval on a synthetic spectrum …
Asymmetrical tidal tails of open star clusters: stars crossing their cluster's práh† challenge Newtonian gravitation
Famaey, Benoit; Kroupa, Pavel; Boffin, Henri M. J. +14 more
After their birth a significant fraction of all stars pass through the tidal threshold (práh) of their cluster of origin into the classical tidal tails. The asymmetry between the number of stars in the leading and trailing tails tests gravitational theory. All five open clusters with tail data (Hyades, Praesepe, Coma Berenices, COIN-Gaia 13, NGC 7…
METAL: The Metal Evolution, Transport, and Abundance in the Large Magellanic Cloud Hubble Program. III. Interstellar Depletions, Dust-to-Metal, and Dust-to-Gas Ratios versus Metallicity
Jenkins, Edward B.; Yanchulova Merica-Jones, Petia; Gordon, Karl D. +9 more
The metallicity and gas density dependence of interstellar depletions, the dust-to-gas (D/G), and dust-to-metal (D/M) ratios have important implications for how accurately we can trace the chemical enrichment of the universe, either by using FIR dust emission as a tracer of the ISM or by using spectroscopy of damped Lyα systems to measure chemical…
The mass and size of Herbig disks as seen by ALMA
van Dishoeck, E. F.; Hogerheijde, M. R.; Stapper, L. M. +1 more
Context. Many population studies have been performed over the past decade with the Atacama Large millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to understand the bulk properties of protoplanetary disks around young stars. The studied populations have mostly consisted of late spectral type (i.e., G, K & M) stars, with relatively few more massive Herbig …
A Possible Alignment Between the Orbits of Planetary Systems and their Visual Binary Companions
Vanderburg, Andrew; Bieryla, Allyson; Latham, David W. +111 more
Astronomers do not have a complete picture of the effects of wide-binary companions (semimajor axes greater than 100 au) on the formation and evolution of exoplanets. We investigate these effects using new data from Gaia Early Data Release 3 and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission to characterize wide-binary systems with transiting e…
Clearing the Hurdle: The Mass of Globular Cluster Systems as a Function of Host Galaxy Mass
Harris, William E.; Eadie, Gwendolyn M.; Springford, Aaron
Current observational evidence suggests that all large galaxies contain globular clusters (GCs), while the smallest galaxies do not. Over what galaxy mass range does the transition from GCs to no GCs occur? We investigate this question using galaxies in the Local Group (LG), nearby dwarf galaxies, and galaxies in the Virgo Cluster Survey. We consi…