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No Evidence for Axions from Chandra Observation of the Magnetic White Dwarf RE J0317-853
Safdi, Benjamin R.; Dessert, Christopher; Long, Andrew J.
Axions with couplings ga γ γ∼few ×10-11 GeV-1 to electromagnetism may resolve a number of astrophysical anomalies, such as unexpected ∼TeV transparency, anomalous stellar cooling, and x-ray excesses from nearby neutron stars. We show, however, that such axions are severely constrained by the nonobservation of x ray…
Systematic Errors as a Source of Mass Discrepancy in Black Hole Microlensing Event OGLE-2011-BLG-0462
Udalski, Andrzej; Gould, Andrew; Mróz, Przemek
Two independent groups reported the discovery of an isolated dark stellar remnant in the microlensing event OGLE-2011-BLG-0462 based on photometric ground-based observations coupled with astrometric measurements taken with the Hubble Space Telescope. These two analyses yielded discrepant mass measurements, with the first group reporting that the l…
The Featureless HST/WFC3 Transmission Spectrum of the Rocky Exoplanet GJ 1132b: No Evidence for a Cloud-free Primordial Atmosphere and Constraints on Starspot Contamination
Désert, Jean-Michel; Rackham, Benjamin V.; Morley, Caroline V. +10 more
Orbiting an M dwarf 12 pc away, the transiting exoplanet GJ 1132b is a prime target for transmission spectroscopy. With a mass of 1.7 M ⊕ and radius of 1.1 R ⊕, GJ 1132b's bulk density indicates that this planet is rocky. Yet with an equilibrium temperature of 580 K, GJ 1132b may still retain some semblance of an atmosphere. …
The Galaxy Starburst/Main-sequence Bimodality over Five Decades in Stellar Mass at z ≈ 3-6.5
Rinaldi, Pierluigi; Caputi, Karina I.; Iani, Edoardo +3 more
We study the relation between stellar mass (M *) and star formation rate (SFR) for star-forming galaxies over approximately five decades in stellar mass ( $5.5\ \lesssim \ {\mathrm{log}}_{10}({M}_{* }/{M}_{\odot })\lesssim 10.5$ ) at z ≈ 3-6.5. This unprecedented coverage has been possible thanks to the joint analysis of blank non-lense…
A Search of the Full Six Years of the Dark Energy Survey for Outer Solar System Objects
Smith, M.; Allam, S.; Bertin, E. +64 more
We present a search for outer solar system objects in the 6 yr of data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The DES covered a contiguous 5000 deg2 of the southern sky with ≈80,000 3 deg2 exposures in the grizY filters between 2013 and 2019. This search yielded 812 trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs), one Centaur and one Oort cloud c…
Escaping Helium from TOI 560.01, a Young Mini-Neptune
Knutson, Heather A.; Dai, Fei; Zhang, Michael +2 more
We report helium absorption from the escaping atmosphere of TOI 560.01 (HD 73583b), an R = 2.8R ⊕, P = 6.4 day mini-Neptune orbiting a young (~600 Myr) K dwarf. Using Keck/NIRSPEC, we detect a signal with an average depth of 0.68% ± 0.08% in the line core. The absorption signal repeats during a partial transit obtained a month later, bu…
Astrometric identification of nearby binary stars - II. Astrometric binaries in the Gaia Catalogue of Nearby Stars
Belokurov, Vasily; Evans, N. Wyn; Penoyre, Zephyr
We examine the capacity to identify binary systems from astrometric deviations alone. We apply our analysis to the Gaia eDR3 and DR2 data, specifically the Gaia Catalogue of Nearby Stars. We show we must renormalize (R)UWE over the local volume to avoid biasing local observations, giving a local unit weight error (LUWE). We use the simple criterio…
No strong dependence of Lyman continuum leakage on physical properties of star-forming galaxies at ≲ z ≲ 3.5
Schaerer, D.; Bolzonella, M.; Castellano, M. +15 more
We present Lyman continuum (LyC) radiation escape fraction (fesc) measurements for 183 spectroscopically confirmed star-forming galaxies in the redshift range 3.11 < z < 3.53 in the Chandra Deep Field South. We use ground-based imaging to measure fesc, and use ground- and space-based photometry to derive galaxy physical…
Beyond Spectroscopy. I. Metallicities, Distances, and Age Estimates for Over 20 Million Stars from SMSS DR2 and Gaia EDR3
Shi, Jianrong; Fan, Zhou; Huang, Yang +8 more
Accurate determinations of stellar parameters and distances for large complete samples of stars are keys for conducting detailed studies of the formation and evolution of our Galaxy. Here we present stellar atmospheric parameters (effective temperature, luminosity classifications, and metallicity) estimates for some 24 million stars determined fro…
The Hubble Space Telescope Survey of M31 Satellite Galaxies. I. RR Lyrae-based Distances and Refined 3D Geometric Structure
Lewis, Geraint F.; Cooper, M. C.; Skillman, Evan D. +33 more
We measure homogeneous distances to M31 and 38 associated stellar systems (-16.8 ≤ M V ≤ -6.0), using time-series observations of RR Lyrae stars taken as part of the Hubble Space Telescope Treasury Survey of M31 Satellites. From >700 orbits of new/archival Advanced Camera for Surveys imaging, we identify >4700 RR Lyrae stars and…