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A New Census of the 0.2 < z < 3.0 Universe. II. The Star-forming Sequence
Franx, Marijn; van Dokkum, Pieter; Conroy, Charlie +6 more
We use the panchromatic spectral energy distribution (SED)-fitting code Prospector to measure the galaxy logM*-logSFR relationship (the star-forming sequence) across 0.2 < z < 3.0 using the COSMOS-2015 and 3D-HST UV-IR photometric catalogs. We demonstrate that the chosen method of identifying star-forming galaxies introduces a systematic unc…
Polarized x-rays constrain the disk-jet geometry in the black hole x-ray binary Cygnus X-1
Ingram, Adam; Wu, Kinwah; Enoto, Teruaki +111 more
A black hole x-ray binary (XRB) system forms when gas is stripped from a normal star and accretes onto a black hole, which heats the gas sufficiently to emit x-rays. We report a polarimetric observation of the XRB Cygnus X-1 using the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer. The electric field position angle aligns with the outflowing jet, indicating t…
Cluster Cepheids with High Precision Gaia Parallaxes, Low Zero-point Uncertainties, and Hubble Space Telescope Photometry
Casertano, Stefano; Riess, Adam G.; Breuval, Louise +7 more
We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) photometry of 17 Cepheids in open clusters and their cluster mean parallaxes from Gaia EDR3. These parallaxes are more precise than those from individual Cepheids (G < 8 mag) previously used to measure the Hubble constant because they are derived from an average of >300 stars per cluster. Cluster paral…
Primordial black hole production during first-order phase transitions
Cai, Rong-Gen; Guo, Zong-Kuan; Liu, Jing +2 more
A novel mechanism for the primordial black hole (PBH) production is proposed as a natural and inevitable consequence of general first-order phase transitions without reference to specific underlying particle physics models. We obtain mutual predictions and constraints between primordial black holes and gravitational waves from phase transitions in…
The synchrony of production and escape: half the bright Lyα emitters at z ≈ 2 have Lyman continuum escape fractions ≈50 per cent
Hayes, Matthew; Conroy, Charlie; Schaerer, Daniel +14 more
The ionizing photon escape fraction [Lyman continuum (LyC) fesc] of star-forming galaxies is the single greatest unknown in the reionization budget. Stochastic sightline effects prohibit the direct separation of LyC leakers from non-leakers at significant redshifts. Here we circumvent this uncertainty by inferring fesc using …
The Pantheon+ Analysis: SuperCal-fragilistic Cross Calibration, Retrained SALT2 Light-curve Model, and Calibration Systematic Uncertainty
Riess, Adam; Scolnic, Dan; Brout, Dillon +9 more
We present a recalibration of the photometric systems in the Pantheon+ sample of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) including those in the SH0ES distance-ladder measurement of H 0. We utilize the large and uniform sky coverage of the public Pan-STARRS stellar photometry catalog to cross calibrate against tertiary standards released by individu…
Discovery of a radio-emitting neutron star with an ultra-long spin period of 76 s
Buckley, David; Heywood, Ian; Brink, Jaco +19 more
The radio-emitting neutron star population encompasses objects with spin periods ranging from milliseconds to tens of seconds. As they age and spin more slowly, their radio emission is expected to cease. We present the discovery of an ultra-long-period radio-emitting neutron star, PSR J0901-4046, with spin properties distinct from the known spin- …
The Exploration of Local VolumE Satellites (ELVES) Survey: A Nearly Volume-limited Sample of Nearby Dwarf Satellite Systems
Greene, Jenny E.; Beaton, Rachael L.; Danieli, Shany +2 more
We present the final sample of the Exploration of Local VolumE Satellites (ELVES) survey, a survey of the dwarf satellites of a nearly volume-limited sample of Milky Way (MW)-like hosts in the Local Volume. Hosts are selected simply via a cut in luminosity ( ${M}_{{K}_{s}}\lt -22.1$ mag) and distance (D < 12 Mpc). We cataloged the satellites of…
A classifier for spurious astrometric solutions in Gaia eDR3
Rix, Hans-Walter; Udalski, Andrzej; Gould, Andrew +6 more
The Gaia early Data Release 3 has delivered exquisite astrometric data for 1.47 billion sources, which is revolutionizing many fields in astronomy. For a small fraction of these sources, the astrometric solutions are poor, and the reported values and uncertainties may not apply. Before any analysis, it is important to recognize and excise these sp…
The PHANGS-HST Survey: Physics at High Angular Resolution in Nearby Galaxies with the Hubble Space Telescope
White, Richard L.; Henshaw, Jonathan D.; Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik +52 more
The PHANGS program is building the first data set to enable the multiphase, multiscale study of star formation across the nearby spiral galaxy population. This effort is enabled by large survey programs with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), MUSE on the Very Large Telescope, and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), with which w…