Search Publications
Chronologically dating the early assembly of the Milky Way
Chaplin, William J.; Davies, Guy R.; Chiappini, Cristina +16 more
The standard cosmological model predicts that galaxies are built through hierarchical assembly on cosmological timescales1,2. The Milky Way, like other disk galaxies, underwent violent mergers and accretion of small satellite galaxies in its early history. Owing to Gaia Data Release 23 and spectroscopic surveys4, t…
The Parallax of ω Centauri Measured from Gaia EDR3 and a Direct, Geometric Calibration of the Tip of the Red Giant Branch and the Hubble Constant
Casertano, Stefano; Riess, Adam G.; Soltis, John
We use data from the ESA Gaia mission Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) to measure the trigonometric parallax of ω Cen, the first high-precision parallax measurement for the most massive globular cluster in the Milky Way. We use a combination of positional and high-quality proper motion data from EDR3 to identify over 100,000 cluster members, of which 6…
First tidal disruption events discovered by SRG/eROSITA: X-ray/optical properties and X-ray luminosity function at z < 0.6
Yao, Y.; Sunyaev, R.; Sazonov, S. +22 more
We present the first sample of tidal disruption events (TDEs) discovered during the SRG all-sky survey. These 13 events were selected among X-ray transients detected in the 0° < l < 180° hemisphere by eROSITA during its second sky survey (2020 June 10 to December 14) and confirmed by optical follow-up observations. The most distant event occ…
Discovery and confirmation of the shortest gamma-ray burst from a collapsar
Kulkarni, S. R.; Chandra, Poonam; Cenko, S. Bradley +54 more
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are among the brightest and most energetic events in the Universe. The duration and hardness distribution of GRBs has two clusters1, now understood to reflect (at least) two different progenitors2. Short-hard GRBs (SGRBs; T90 < 2 s) arise from compact binary mergers, and long-soft GRBs (L…
Dark matter haloes of massive elliptical galaxies at z ∼ 0.2 are well described by the Navarro-Frenk-White profile
Treu, Tommaso; Sonnenfeld, Alessandro; Birrer, Simon +1 more
We investigate the internal structure of elliptical galaxies at z ~ 0.2 from a joint lensing-dynamics analysis. We model Hubble Space Telescope images of a sample of 23 galaxy-galaxy lenses selected from the Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) survey. Whereas the original SLACS analysis estimated the logarithmic slopes by combining the kinematics with the imag…
APOGEE Chemical Abundance Patterns of the Massive Milky Way Satellites
Cohen, Roger E.; Bizyaev, Dmitry; Brownstein, Joel R. +42 more
The SDSS-IV Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) survey has obtained high-resolution spectra for thousands of red giant stars distributed among the massive satellite galaxies of the Milky Way (MW): the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC/SMC), the Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy (Sgr), Fornax (Fnx), and the now fully disrupt…
Normal, dust-obscured galaxies in the epoch of reionization
Inami, H.; Bowler, R. A. A.; De Looze, I. +26 more
Over the past decades, rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) observations have provided large samples of UV luminous galaxies at redshift (z) greater than 6 (refs. 1-3), during the so-called epoch of reionization. While a few of these UV-identified galaxies revealed substantial dust reservoirs4-7, very heavily dust-obscured sources at …
Multiple subglacial water bodies below the south pole of Mars unveiled by new MARSIS data
Rossi, Angelo Pio; Orosei, Roberto; Cartacci, Marco +10 more
The detection of liquid water by the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding (MARSIS) at the base of the south polar layered deposits in Ultimi Scopuli has reinvigorated the debate about the origin and stability of liquid water under present-day Martian conditions. To establish the extent of subglacial water in this region, we a…
The Gas Content and Stripping of Local Group Dwarf Galaxies
Price-Whelan, Adrian M.; Peek, Joshua E. G.; Putman, Mary E. +4 more
The gas content of the complete compilation of Local Group dwarf galaxies (119 within 2 Mpc) is presented using H I survey data. Within the virial radius of the Milky Way (224 kpc here), 53 of 55 dwarf galaxies are devoid of gas to limits of MH I < 104 M⊙. Within the virial radius of M31 (266 kpc), 27 of 30 dwar…
A new measurement of the Hubble constant using Type Ia supernovae calibrated with surface brightness fluctuations
Izzo, Luca; Gall, Christa; Hjorth, Jens +15 more
We present a new calibration of the peak absolute magnitude of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) based on the surface brightness fluctuations (SBF) method, aimed at measuring the value of the Hubble constant. We build a sample of calibrating anchors consisting of 24 SNe hosted in galaxies that have SBF distance measurements. Applying a hierarchical Baye…