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Hints of a Sulfur-rich Atmosphere around the 1.6 R ⊕ Super-Earth L98-59 d from JWST NIRspec G395H Transmission Spectroscopy
Sing, David K.; Valenti, Jeff A.; Espinoza, Néstor +11 more
Detecting atmospheres around planets with a radius below 1.6 R ⊕, commonly referred to as rocky planets, has proven to be challenging. However, rocky planets orbiting M dwarfs are ideal candidates due to their favorable planet-to-star radius ratio. Here, we present one transit observation of the Super-Earth L98-59 d (1.58 R ⊕…
Active galactic nucleus X-ray luminosity function and absorption function in the Early Universe (3 ≤ z ≤ 6)
Paltani, S.; Pierre, M.; Vignali, C. +15 more
The X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of active galactic nuclei (AGN) offers a robust tool to study the evolution and the growth of the supermassive black-hole population over cosmic time. Owing to the limited area probed by X-ray surveys, optical surveys are routinely used to probe the accretion in the high-redshift Universe z ≥ 3. However, optical…
The motivation for flexible star-formation histories from spatially resolved scales within galaxies
Tacchella, Sandro; Mosleh, Moein; Jain, Shweta
The estimation of galaxy stellar masses depends on the assumed prior of the star-formation history (SFH) and spatial scale of the analysis (spatially resolved versus integrated scales). In this paper, we connect the prescription of the SFH in the spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting to spatially resolved scales (~kpc) to shed light on the sy…
Not-so-little Red Dots: Two Massive and Dusty Starbursts at z ∼ 5–7 Pushing the Limits of Star Formation Discovered by JWST in the COSMOS-Web Survey
Casey, Caitlin M.; Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.; Koekemoer, Anton M. +24 more
We present the properties of two candidate massive (M ⋆ ∼ 1011 M ⊙) and dusty (A v > 2.5 mag) galaxies at z = 5–7 in the first 0.28 deg2 of the COSMOS-Web survey. One object is spectroscopically confirmed at z spec = 5.051, while the other has a robust z phot = 6.7 ± 0…
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heliosphere
D'Amicis, Raffaella; Long, David M.; Schühle, Udo +18 more
The ambient solar wind that fills the heliosphere originates from multiple sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA's Solar Orbiter missio…
Kepler-discovered Multiple-planet Systems near Period Ratios Suggestive of Mean-motion Resonances Are Young
Schlaufman, Kevin C.; Hamer, Jacob H.
Before the launch of the Kepler Space Telescope, models of low-mass planet formation predicted that convergent type I migration would often produce systems of low-mass planets in low-order mean-motion resonances. Instead, Kepler discovered that systems of small planets frequently have period ratios larger than those associated with mean-motion res…
LIME: A LIne MEasuring library for large and complex spectroscopic data sets. I. Implementation of a virtual observatory for JWST spectra
Morisset, C.; Amorín, R.; Firpo, V. +1 more
Context. The upcoming generation of telescopes, instruments, and surveys is poised to usher in an unprecedented "Big Data" era in the field of astronomy. Within this context, even seemingly modest tasks such as spectral line analyses could become increasingly challenging for astronomers.
Aims: In this paper, we announce the release of LIME. T…
The Geochemical Potential for Metabolic Processes on the Sub-Neptune Exoplanet K2-18b
Glein, Christopher R.
Quantifying disequilibria is important to understand whether an environment could be habitable. It has been proposed that the exoplanet K2-18b has a hydrogen-rich atmosphere and a water ocean, making it a "hycean world." The James Webb Space Telescope recently made measurements of methane, CO2, and possibly dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in the…
Atmospheric Retrievals Suggest the Presence of a Secondary Atmosphere and Possible Sulfur Species on L98-59 d from JWST Nirspec G395H Transmission Spectroscopy
Sing, David K.; Espinoza, Néstor; Crouzet, Nicolas +10 more
L 98-59 d is a Super-Earth planet orbiting an M-type star. We performed retrievals on the transmission spectrum of L 98-59 d obtained using NIRSpec G395H during a single transit, from JWST Cycle 1 GTO 1224. The wavelength range of this spectrum allows us to detect the presence of several atmospheric species. We found that the spectrum is consisten…
The tangled warp of the Milky Way
McMillan, Paul J.; Jónsson, Viktor Hrannar
Aims: We aim to determine the influence of the Milky Way's warp on the kinematics of stars across the disc, and therefore measure its precession rate and line of nodes under different assumptions.
Methods: We applied Jeans' first equation to a model of a rigidly precessing warp. The predictions of these models were fitted to the average …