Search Publications
Stealth Coronal Mass Ejections from Active Regions
Long, David M.; O'Kane, Jennifer; Green, Lucie +1 more
Stealth coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are eruptions from the Sun that have no obvious low coronal signature. These CMEs are characteristically slower events but can still be geoeffective and affect space weather at Earth. Therefore, understanding the science underpinning these eruptions will greatly improve our ability to detect and, eventually, f…
C-Complex Asteroids: UV-Visible Spectral Characteristics and Implications for Space Weathering Effects
Vilas, Faith; Hendrix, Amanda R.
Space weathering effects on the rocky S-class asteroids are well understood. However, on the low-albedo C-complex asteroids, such as spacecraft targets Bennu and Ryugu, the situation is more complicated, especially due to a lack of spectral features throughout the visible-near infrared spectral region. Here we show, through a combination of observ…
Uncertainties in direct dark matter detection in light of Gaia's escape velocity measurements
Valluri, Monica; Freese, Katherine; Wu, Youjia +2 more
Direct detection experiments have set increasingly stringent limits on the cross section for spin-independent dark matter-nucleon interactions. In obtaining such limits, experiments primarily assume the standard halo model (SHM) as the distribution of dark matter in our Milky Way. Three astrophysical parameters are required to define the SHM: the …
IRIS Observations of Magnetic Interactions in the Solar Atmosphere between Preexisting and Emerging Magnetic Fields. II. UV Emission Properties
Young, Peter R.; Guglielmino, Salvo L.; Zuccarello, Francesca
Multiwavelength ultraviolet (UV) observations by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph satellite in active region NOAA 12529 have recently pointed out the presence of long-lasting brightenings, akin to UV bursts, and simultaneous plasma ejections occurring in the upper chromosphere and transition region during secondary flux emergence. These s…
Probing the weak wind phenomenon in Galactic O-type giants
Bouret, J. -C.; Pereira, C. B.; Marcolino, W. L. F. +1 more
Aims: Analyses of Galactic late O dwarfs (O8-O9.5V stars) raised the "weak wind problem": spectroscopic mass-loss rates (Ṁ) are up to two orders of magnitude lower than the theoretical values. We investigated the stellar and wind properties of Galactic late O giants (O8-O9.5III stars). These stars have luminosities log (L⋆ / L…
Spectral Energy Distributions of Companion Galaxies to z ∼ 6 Quasars
Walter, F.; Rix, H. -W.; Fan, X. +10 more
Massive, quiescent galaxies are already observed at redshift z ∼ 4, i.e., ∼1.5 Gyr after the big bang. Current models predict them to be formed via massive, gas-rich mergers at z > 6. Recent ALMA observations of the cool gas and dust in z ≳ 6 quasars have discovered [C II]- and far-infrared-bright galaxies adjacent to several quasars. In this w…
Mass Loss of Different Stellar Populations in Globular Clusters: The Case of M4
Milone, A. P.; Cordoni, G.; Marino, A. F. +3 more
In a Globular Cluster (GC), the mass loss during the red giant branch (RGB) phase and the helium content are fundamental ingredients to constrain the horizontal-branch (HB) morphology. While many papers have been dedicated to the helium abundance in different stellar populations, small efforts have been made to disentangle the effects of mass loss…
Transit Lyman-α signatures of terrestrial planets in the habitable zones of M dwarfs
Holmström, M.; Lammer, H.; Güdel, M. +6 more
Aims: We modeled the transit signatures in the Lyman-alpha (Ly-α) line of a putative Earth-sized planet orbiting in the habitable zone (HZ) of the M dwarf GJ 436. We estimated the transit depth in the Ly-α line for an exo-Earth with three types of atmospheres: a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere, a nitrogen-dominated atmosphere, and a nitrogen-do…
Launch of a CME-associated eruptive prominence as observed with IRIS and ancillary instruments
Vial, J. -C.; Zhang, P.; Buchlin, É.
Aims: In this paper we focus on the possible observational signatures of the processes which have been put forward for explaining eruptive prominences. We also try to understand the variations in the physical conditions of eruptive prominences and estimate the masses leaving the Sun versus the masses returning to the Sun during eruptive promi…
Using Science-Driven Analog Research to Investigate Extravehicular Activity Science Operations Concepts and Capabilities for Human Planetary Exploration
Brady, Allyson L.; Kobs Nawotniak, Shannon E.; Hughes, Scott S. +7 more
Biologic Analog Science Associated with Lava Terrains (BASALT) is a science-driven exploration program seeking to determine the best tools, techniques, training requirements, and execution strategies for conducting Mars-relevant field science under spaceflight mission conditions. BASALT encompasses Science, Science Operations, and Technology objec…