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A Review on Substellar Objects below the Deuterium Burning Mass Limit: Planets, Brown Dwarfs or What?
Caballero, José A.
"Free-floating, non-deuterium-burning, substellar objects" are isolated bodies of a few Jupiter masses found in very young open clusters and associations, nearby young moving groups and in the immediate vicinity of the Sun. They are neither brown dwarfs nor planets. I look over their nomenclature, history of discovery, sites of detection, formatio…
Super-Eddington Accretion in the WISE-selected Extremely Luminous Infrared Galaxy W2246-0526
Tsai, Chao-Wei; Wright, Edward L.; Jun, Hyunsung D. +8 more
We use optical and near-infrared spectroscopy to observe rest-UV emission lines and estimate the black hole mass of WISEA J224607.56-052634.9 (W2246-0526) at z = 4.601, the most luminous hot, dust-obscured galaxy yet discovered by WISE. From the broad component of the Mg II 2799 Å emission line, we measure a black hole mass of log(M BH/…
The APOGEE-2 Survey of the Orion Star-forming Complex. I. Target Selection and Validation with Early Observations
Da Rio, Nicola; Pan, Kaike; Majewski, Steven R. +26 more
The Orion Star-forming Complex (OSFC) is a central target for the APOGEE-2 Young Cluster Survey. Existing membership catalogs span limited portions of the OSFC, reflecting the difficulty of selecting targets homogeneously across this extended, highly structured region. We have used data from wide-field photometric surveys to produce a less biased …
A radiation belt of energetic protons located between Saturn and its rings
Livi, S.; Krupp, N.; Jones, G. H. +21 more
Saturn has a sufficiently strong dipole magnetic field to trap high-energy charged particles and form radiation belts, which have been observed outside its rings. Whether stable radiation belts exist near the planet and inward of the rings was previously unknown. The Cassini spacecraft's Magnetosphere Imaging Instrument obtained measurements of a …
KiDS-i-800: comparing weak gravitational lensing measurements from same-sky surveys
Heymans, C.; Wolf, C.; Lidman, C. +21 more
We present a weak gravitational lensing analysis of 815 deg2 of i-band imaging from the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS-i-800). In contrast to the deep r-band observations, which take priority during excellent seeing conditions and form the primary KiDS data set (KiDS-r-450), the complementary yet shallower KiDS-i-800 spans a wide range of obs…
On the production of He, C, and N by low- and intermediate-mass stars: a comparison of observed and model-predicted planetary nebula abundances
Balick, B.; Henry, R. B. C.; Stephenson, B. G. +2 more
The primary goal of this paper is to make a direct comparison between the measured and model-predicted abundances of He, C, and N in a sample of 35 well-observed Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe). All observations, data reductions, and abundance determinations were performed in house to ensure maximum homogeneity. Progenitor star masses (M ≤ 4 M
An ALMA Survey of Faint Disks in the Chamaeleon I Star-forming Region: Why Are Some Class II Disks so Faint?
Pascucci, Ilaria; Herczeg, Gregory J.; Henning, Thomas +6 more
ALMA surveys of nearby star-forming regions have shown that the dust mass in the disk is correlated with the stellar mass, but with a large scatter. This scatter could indicate either different evolutionary paths of disks or different initial conditions within a single cluster. We present ALMA Cycle 3 follow-up observations for 14 Class II disks t…
Investigating the volcanic versus aqueous origin of the surficial deposits in Eastern Elysium Planitia, Mars
Voigt, Joana R. C.; Hamilton, Christopher W.
The Elysium Volcanic Province consists of numerous overlapping flow units and may include the youngest lava flows on Mars. However, it is possible that these volcanic units have been modified or overprinted by aqueous processes. Understanding the timing of the igneous and aqueous events in this region is therefore essential for constraining the ge…
Unmasking the hidden NGTS-3Ab: a hot Jupiter in an unresolved binary system
Smalley, Barry; Gibson, Neale P.; Wheatley, Peter J. +36 more
We present the discovery of NGTS-3Ab, a hot Jupiter found transiting the primary star of an unresolved binary system. We develop a joint analysis of multicolour photometry, centroids, radial velocity (RV) cross-correlation function (CCF) profiles, and their bisector inverse slopes (BIS) to disentangle this three-body system. Data from the Next Gen…
Star formation in the outskirts of DDO 154: a top-light IMF in a nearly dormant disc
Meurer, Gerhardt R.; Lagos, Claudia D. P.; Kroupa, Pavel +3 more
We present optical photometry of Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS)/Wide Field Camera (WFC) data of the resolved stellar populations in the outer disc of the dwarf irregular galaxy DDO 154. The photometry reveals that young main sequence (MS) stars are almost absent from the outermost H I disc. Instead, most are cluster…