Search Publications

Flare Rates, Rotation Periods, and Spectroscopic Activity Indicators of a Volume-complete Sample of Mid- to Late-M Dwarfs within 15 pc
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abc686 Bibcode: 2020ApJ...905..107M

Winters, Jennifer G.; Medina, Amber A.; Irwin, Jonathan M. +1 more

We present a study of flare rates, rotation periods, and spectroscopic activity indicators of 125 single stars within 15 parsecs and with masses between 0.1 and 0.3 M observed during the first year of the TESS mission, with the goal of elucidating the relationship between these various magnetically connected phenomena. We gathered mult…

2020 The Astrophysical Journal
Gaia 69
All the PAHs: An AKARI-Spitzer Cross-archival Spectroscopic Survey of Aromatic Emission in Galaxies
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abc002 Bibcode: 2020ApJ...905...55L

Baba, Shunsuke; Imanishi, Masatoshi; Lai, Thomas S. -Y. +2 more

We present a large sample of 2.5-38 µm galaxy spectra drawn from a cross-archival comparison in the AKARI-Spitzer Extragalactic Spectral Survey, and investigate a subset of 113 star-forming galaxies with prominent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission spanning a wide range of star formation properties. With AKARI's extended 2.5-5 &m…

2020 The Astrophysical Journal
AKARI 65
Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: New Mass and Distance Estimates for Betelgeuse through Combined Evolutionary, Asteroseismic, and Hydrodynamic Simulations with MESA
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abb8db Bibcode: 2020ApJ...902...63J

Kobayashi, Chiaki; Nomoto, Ken'ichi; Ireland, Michael +3 more

We conduct a rigorous examination of the nearby red supergiant Betelgeuse by drawing on the synthesis of new observational data and three different modeling techniques. Our observational results include the release of new, processed photometric measurements collected with the space-based Solar Mass Ejection Imager instrument prior to Betelgeuse's …

2020 The Astrophysical Journal
Gaia Hipparcos 65
Double White Dwarf Merger Products among High-mass White Dwarfs
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab733c Bibcode: 2020ApJ...891..160C

Toonen, Silvia; Cheng, Sihao; Cummings, Jeffrey D. +1 more

Double white dwarf (double-WD) binaries may merge within a Hubble time and produce high-mass WDs. Compared to other high-mass WDs, the double-WD merger products have higher velocity dispersion because they are older. With the power of Gaia data, we show strong evidence for double-WD merger products among high-mass WDs by analyzing the transverse-v…

2020 The Astrophysical Journal
Gaia 64
EvryFlare. III. Temperature Evolution and Habitability Impacts of Dozens of Superflares Observed Simultaneously by Evryscope and TESS
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abb5b4 Bibcode: 2020ApJ...902..115H

Law, Nicholas M.; Corbett, Hank; Gonzalez, Ramses +8 more

Superflares may provide the dominant source of biologically relevant UV radiation to rocky habitable-zone M-dwarf planets (M-Earths), altering planetary atmospheres and conditions for surface life. The combined line and continuum flare emission has usually been approximated by a 9000 K blackbody. If superflares are hotter, then the UV emission may…

2020 The Astrophysical Journal
Gaia 64
A Dynamical Survey of Stellar-mass Black Holes in 50 Milky Way Globular Clusters
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab9f98 Bibcode: 2020ApJ...898..162W

Chatterjee, Sourav; Kremer, Kyle; Weatherford, Newlin C. +1 more

Recent numerical simulations of globular clusters (GCs) have shown that stellar-mass black holes (BHs) play a fundamental role in driving cluster evolution and shaping their present-day structure. Rapidly mass-segregating to the center of GCs, BHs act as a dynamical energy source via repeated superelastic scattering, delaying the onset of core col…

2020 The Astrophysical Journal
eHST 64
Metallicity and α-Element Abundance Gradients along the Sagittarius Stream as Seen by APOGEE
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab62ad Bibcode: 2020ApJ...889...63H

Cohen, Roger E.; Bizyaev, Dmitry; Brownstein, Joel R. +27 more

Using 3D positions and kinematics of stars relative to the Sagittarius (Sgr) orbital plane and angular momentum, we identify 166 Sgr stream members observed by the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) that also have Gaia DR2 astrometry. This sample of 63/103 stars in the Sgr trailing/leading arm is combined with an APOGE…

2020 The Astrophysical Journal
Gaia 64
The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the HUDF: The Cosmic Dust and Gas Mass Densities in Galaxies up to z ∼ 3
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab7897 Bibcode: 2020ApJ...892...66M

Carilli, Chris; Inami, Hanae; Smail, Ian +24 more

Using the deepest 1.2 mm continuum map to date in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field, which was obtained as part of the ALMA Spectroscopic Survey (ASPECS) large program, we measure the cosmic density of dust and implied gas (H2+H I) mass in galaxies as a function of look-back time. We do so by stacking the contribution from all H-band selected…

2020 The Astrophysical Journal
eHST 64
Multi-gigayear White Dwarf Cooling Delays from Clustering-enhanced Gravitational Sedimentation
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abb5a5 Bibcode: 2020ApJ...902...93B

Cheng, Sihao; Bildsten, Lars; Schwab, Josiah +1 more

Cooling white dwarfs (WDs) can yield accurate ages when theoretical cooling models fully account for the physics of the dense plasma of WD interiors. We use MESA to investigate cooling models for a set of massive and ultramassive WDs (0.9-1.3 ${M}_{\odot }$ ) for which previous models have failed to match kinematic age indicators based on Gaia DR2…

2020 The Astrophysical Journal
Gaia 64
Deflating Super-puffs: Impact of Photochemical Hazes on the Observed Mass-Radius Relationship of Low-mass Planets
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab6a9b Bibcode: 2020ApJ...890...93G

Zhang, Xi; Gao, Peter

The observed mass-radius relationship of low-mass planets informs our understanding of their composition and evolution. Recent discoveries of low-mass, large-radius objects ("super-puffs") have challenged theories of planet formation and atmospheric loss, as their high inferred gas masses make them vulnerable to runaway accretion and hydrodynamic …

2020 The Astrophysical Journal
eHST 64