Search Publications
Revising More Than 20 Years of EPHIN Ion Flux Data—A New Data Product for Space Weather Applications
Heber, B.; Kühl, P.
Solar energetic particle events and galactic cosmic rays are important aspects of space weather. Investigating them requires consistent measurements of electrons and ions over long time periods, that is, over more than a solar cycle. The Electron Proton Helium INstrument onboard the SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory is operational since 1995 and …
Testing Efficiency of Empirical, Adaptive, and Global MHD Magnetospheric Models to Represent the Geomagnetic Field in a Variety of Conditions
Sergeev, V. A.; Zheng, Y.; Tsyganenko, N. A. +1 more
We used data for eight magnetospheric spacecraft providing magnetic observations in various magnetospheric domains during a six-day time period, including the June 2015 storm, and a five-day period including the March 2015 storm. For these time intervals, containing different solar wind regimes and different activity levels, we used three types of…
Using Ghost Fronts Within STEREO Heliospheric Imager Data to Infer the Evolution in Longitudinal Structure of a Coronal Mass Ejection
de Koning, C. A.; Owens, M. J.; Scott, C. J. +3 more
Images of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from the Heliospheric Imager instruments on board the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) spacecraft frequently contain rich structure. Here, we present analysis of the Earth-directed CME launched on 12 December 2008 in which we interpret the revealed structure as projections of separate discret…
Extension of an Empirical Electron Flux Model From 6 to 20 Earth Radii Using Cluster/RAPID Observations
Taylor, M. G. G. T.; Henderson, M. G.; Rodriguez, J. V. +1 more
An existing empirical model of the electron fluxes at geosynchronous orbit is extended radially outward in the equatorial plane to 6-20 Earth radii (RE) using observations from the Research with Adaptive Particle Imaging Detectors (RAPID) instrument on the Cluster spacecraft. The new model provides electron flux predictions in the energ…
Global Diagnostics of Ionospheric Absorption During X-Ray Solar Flares Based on 8- to 20-MHz Noise Measured by Over-the-Horizon Radars
Lester, M.; Marchaudon, A.; Marcucci, M. F. +9 more
An analysis of noise attenuation during 80 solar flares between 2013 and 2017 was carried out at frequencies 8-20 MHz using 34 Super Dual Auroral Radar Network radars and the EKB ISTP SB RAS radar. The attenuation was determined on the basis of noise measurements performed by the radars during the intervals between transmitting periods. The locati…
Development of a 3-D Plasmapause Model With a Back-Propagation Neural Network
He, Fei; Lei, Jiuhou; Zhang, Xiao-Xin +2 more
Several empirical models have been previously developed to study the characteristics of the global plasmasphere. A three-dimensional solar wind-driven global dynamic plasmapause model was developed in this study using a back-propagation neural network based on multisatellite measurements. Our database contains 37,859 plasmapause crossing events fr…
Generalized Additive Modeling Combined With Multiple Collinear for ICME Velocity Forecasting
Ji, H. S.; Wang, M.; Lu, J. Y. +5 more
One of the main issues of space weather is the timely prediction of disturbed solar wind parameters at L1, especially caused by Coronal Mass Ejection (CME). Using the data from 170 front halo, flare-associated CMEs, and in-site solar wind data, an analysis of the Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection (ICME) peak velocity at L1 related to associated…
Forecasting the Arrival Time of Coronal Mass Ejections: Analysis of the CCMC CME Scoreboard
Dumbović, Mateja; Temmer, Manuela; Feng, Xueshang +15 more
Accurate forecasting of the properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) as they approach Earth is now recognized as an important strategic objective for both NOAA and NASA. The time of arrival of such events is a key parameter, one that had been anticipated to be relatively straightforward to constrain. In this study, we analyze forecasts submitte…
The 6 September 2017 X-Class Solar Flares and Their Impacts on the Ionosphere, GNSS, and HF Radio Wave Propagation
Yasyukevich, Y.; Astafyeva, E.; Padokhin, A. +3 more
On 6 September 2017, the Sun emitted two significant solar flares (SFs). The first SF, classified X2.2, peaked at 09:10 UT. The second one, X9.3, which is the most intensive SF in the current solar cycle, peaked at 12:02 UT and was accompanied by solar radio emission. In this work, we study ionospheric response to the two X-class SFs and their imp…
Coronal Magnetic Structure of Earthbound CMEs and In Situ Comparison
Palmerio, E.; Möstl, C.; Kilpua, E. K. J. +6 more
Predicting the magnetic field within an Earth-directed coronal mass ejection (CME) well before its arrival at Earth is one of the most important issues in space weather research. In this article, we compare the intrinsic flux rope type, that is, the CME orientation and handedness during eruption, with the in situ flux rope type for 20 CME events t…