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Cluster at the Bow Shock: Status and Outlook
Balogh, A.; Thomsen, M. F.; Lembège, B. +11 more
ISO Observations of Pre-Stellar Cores and Young Stellar Objects
Ward-Thompson, Derek; Nisini, Brunella; van Dishoeck, Ewine F. +1 more
We summarize the observations of the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) concerning the earliest stages of the stellar formation. The observations of samples of sources in different evolutionary stages are reviewed, addressing in particular how the physical and chemical properties of the protostellar environments change from the pre-stellar cores to …
The Cassini Radio and Plasma Wave Investigation
Gurnett, D. A.; Hospodarsky, G. B.; Kurth, W. S. +27 more
The Cassini radio and plasma wave investigation is designed to study radio emissions, plasma waves, thermal plasma, and dust in the vicinity of Saturn. Three nearly orthogonal electric field antennas are used to detect electric fields over a frequency range from 1 Hz to 16 MHz, and three orthogonal search coil magnetic antennas are used to detect …
Cassini Plasma Spectrometer Investigation
Coates, A. J.; Linder, D. R.; Grande, M. +55 more
The Cassini Plasma Spectrometer (CAPS) will make comprehensive three-dimensional mass-resolved measurements of the full variety of plasma phenomena found in Saturn’s magnetosphere. Our fundamental scientific goals are to understand the nature of saturnian plasmas primarily their sources of ionization, and the means by which they are accelerated, t…
The Cassini Magnetic Field Investigation
Russell, C. T.; Dougherty, M. K.; Balogh, A. +10 more
The dual technique magnetometer system onboard the Cassini orbiter is described. This instrument consists of vector helium and fluxgate magnetometers with the capability to operate the helium device in a scalar mode. This special mode is used near the planet in order to determine with very high accuracy the interior field of the planet. The orbita…
The Cassini Visual And Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (Vims) Investigation
Sotin, C.; Brown, R. H.; Baines, K. H. +19 more
The Cassini visual and infrared mapping spectrometer (VIMS) investigation is a multidisciplinary study of the Saturnian system. Visual and near-infrared imaging spectroscopy and high-speed spectrophotometry are the observational techniques. The scope of the investigation includes the rings, the surfaces of the icy satellites and Titan, and the atm…
Magnetosphere Imaging Instrument (MIMI) on the Cassini Mission to Saturn/Titan
Livi, S.; Hsieh, K. C.; Krupp, N. +22 more
The magnetospheric imaging instrument (MIMI) is a neutral and charged particle detection system on the Cassini orbiter spacecraft designed to perform both global imaging and in-situ measurements to study the overall configuration and dynamics of Saturn’s magnetosphere and its interactions with the solar wind, Saturn’s atmosphere, Titan, and the ic…
Cassini Imaging Science: Instrument Characteristics And Anticipated Scientific Investigations At Saturn
Dones, Luke; West, Robert A.; Porco, Carolyn C. +17 more
The Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS) is the highest-resolution two-dimensional imaging device on the Cassini Orbiter and has been designed for investigations of the bodies and phenomena found within the Saturnian planetary system. It consists of two framing cameras: a narrow angle, reflecting telescope with a 2-m focal length and a square f…
Exploring The Saturn System In The Thermal Infrared: The Composite Infrared Spectrometer
Smith, M. D.; Showalter, M. R.; Lellouch, E. +42 more
The Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) is a remote-sensing Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) on the Cassini orbiter that measures thermal radiation over two decades in wavenumber, from 10 to 1400 cm- 1 (1 mm to 7µ m), with a spectral resolution that can be set from 0.5 to 15.5 cm- 1. The far infrared portion of t…
The Cassini Cosmic Dust Analyzer
Grande, M.; Krivov, A. V.; Kempf, S. +41 more
The Cassini-Huygens Cosmic Dust Analyzer (CDA) is intended to provide direct observations of dust grains with masses between 10-19 and 10-9 kg in interplanetary space and in the jovian and saturnian systems, to investigate their physical, chemical and dynamical properties as functions of the distances to the Sun, to Jupiter a…