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Reconnection and Waves: A Review with a Perspective
Fujimoto, M.; Shinohara, I.; Kojima, H.
This review is intended to help prepare a new stage of wave studies in the context of magnetic reconnection. Various results that have accumulated would not let the two-dimensional, steady and laminar magnetic reconnection to remain as the standard model. Emphasis on three-dimensional, temporally varying, and turbulent effects is growing and this …
Ion Acceleration and Outflow from Mars and Venus: An Overview
Lundin, Rickard
Solar wind forcing of Mars and Venus results in outflow and escape of ionospheric ions. Observations show that the replenishment of ionospheric ions starts in the dayside at low altitudes (≈300-800 km), ions moving at a low velocity (5-10 km/s) in the direction of the external/ magnetosheath flow. At high altitudes, in the inner magnetosheath and …
Upstream of Saturn and Titan
André, N.; Coates, A. J.; Jackman, C. M. +8 more
The formation of Titan's induced magnetosphere is a unique and important example in the solar system of a plasma-moon interaction where the moon has a substantial atmosphere. The field and particle conditions upstream of Titan are important in controlling the interaction and also play a strong role in modulating the chemistry of the ionosphere. In…
ARTEMIS Science Objectives
Russell, C. T.; Khurana, K. K.; Eastwood, J. P. +17 more
NASA's two spacecraft ARTEMIS mission will address both heliospheric and planetary research questions, first while in orbit about the Earth with the Moon and subsequently while in orbit about the Moon. Heliospheric topics include the structure of the Earth's magnetotail; reconnection, particle acceleration, and turbulence in the Earth's magnetosph…
Mapping Magnetospheric Equatorial Regions at Saturn from Cassini Prime Mission Observations
Schippers, P.; André, N.; Krupp, N. +19 more
Saturn's rich magnetospheric environment is unique in the solar system, with a large number of active magnetospheric processes and phenomena. Observations of this environment from the Cassini spacecraft has enabled the study of a magnetospheric system which strongly interacts with other components of the saturnian system: the planet, its rings, nu…
Electron Physics of Asymmetric Magnetic Field Reconnection
Mozer, Forrest S.; Pritchett, Philip L.
There have been many significant advances in understanding magnetic field reconnection as a result of improved space measurements and two-dimensional computer simulations. While reviews of recent work have tended to focus on symmetric reconnection on ion and larger spatial scales, the present review will focus on asymmetric reconnection and on ele…
Non-adiabatic Ion Acceleration in the Earth Magnetotail and Its Various Manifestations in the Plasma Sheet Boundary Layer
Zelenyi, L. M.; Sauvaud, J. -A.; Owen, C. J. +5 more
Many physical phenomena in space involve energy dissipation which generally leads to charged particle acceleration, often up to very high energies. In the Earth magnetosphere energy accumulation and release occur in the magnetotail, namely in its Current Sheet (CS). The kinetic analysis of non-adiabatic ion trajectories in the CS region with finit…
INTEGRAL: Science Highlights and Future Prospects
Wilms, Jörn; Winkler, Christoph; Ubertini, Pietro +1 more
ESA's hard X-ray and soft gamma-ray observatory INTEGRAL is covering the 3 keV to 10 MeV energy band, with excellent sensitivity during long and uninterrupted observations of a large field of view (∼100 square degrees), with ms time resolution and keV energy resolution. It links the energy band of pointed soft X-ray missions such as XMM-Newton wit…
Exospheres and Energetic Neutral Atoms of Mars, Venus and Titan
Chaufray, Jean-Yves; Futaana, Yoshifumi; Mura, Alessandro +5 more
Our understanding of the upper atmosphere of unmagnetized bodies such as Mars, Venus and Titan has improved significantly in this decade. Recent observations by in situ and remote sensing instruments on board Mars Express, Venus Express and Cassini have revealed characteristics of the neutral upper atmospheres (exospheres) and of energetic neutral…
Grad-Shafranov Reconstruction of Magnetic Flux Ropes in the Near-Earth Space
Lui, A. T. Y.
Electric currents permeate space plasmas and often have a significant component along the magnetic field to form magnetic flux ropes. A larger spatial perspective of these structures than from the direct observation along the satellite path is crucial in visualizing their role in plasma dynamics. For magnetic flux ropes that are approximately two-…