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Solar Coronal Jets: Observations, Theory, and Modeling
Young, P. R.; Curdt, W.; Raouafi, N. E. +13 more
Coronal jets represent important manifestations of ubiquitous solar transients, which may be the source of significant mass and energy input to the upper solar atmosphere and the solar wind. While the energy involved in a jet-like event is smaller than that of "nominal" solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), jets share many common propert…
Slow Solar Wind: Observations and Modeling
Li, B.; Harra, L.; Riley, P. +9 more
While it is certain that the fast solar wind originates from coronal holes, where and how the slow solar wind (SSW) is formed remains an outstanding question in solar physics even in the post-SOHO era. The quest for the SSW origin forms a major objective for the planned future missions such as the Solar Orbiter and Solar Probe Plus. Nonetheless, r…
Oblique Whistler-Mode Waves in the Earth's Inner Magnetosphere: Energy Distribution, Origins, and Role in Radiation Belt Dynamics
Agapitov, Oleksiy; Krasnoselskikh, Vladimir; Artemyev, Anton +3 more
In this paper we review recent spacecraft observations of oblique whistler-mode waves in the Earth's inner magnetosphere as well as the various consequences of the presence of such waves for electron scattering and acceleration. In particular, we survey the statistics of occurrences and intensity of oblique chorus waves in the region of the outer …
Magnetohydrodynamic Oscillations in the Solar Corona and Earth's Magnetosphere: Towards Consolidated Understanding
Zimovets, I. V.; Nakariakov, V. M.; Jelínek, P. +9 more
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) oscillatory processes in different plasma systems, such as the corona of the Sun and the Earth's magnetosphere, show interesting similarities and differences, which so far received little attention and remain under-exploited. The successful commissioning within the past ten years of THEMIS, Hinode, STEREO and SDO spacecra…
Active Spacecraft Potential Control Investigation
Escoubet, C. P.; Nakamura, R.; Svenes, K. +6 more
In tenuous plasma the floating potential of sunlit spacecraft reaches tens of volts, positive. The corresponding field disturbs measurements of the ambient plasma by electron and ion sensors and can reduce micro-channel plate lifetime in electron detectors owing to large fluxes of attracted photoelectrons. Also the accuracy of electric field measu…
Applications of Electrified Dust and Dust Devil Electrodynamics to Martian Atmospheric Electricity
Montmessin, F.; Berthelier, J. J.; Farrell, W. M. +12 more
Atmospheric transport and suspension of dust frequently brings electrification, which may be substantial. Electric fields of 10 kV m-1 to 100 kV m-1 have been observed at the surface beneath suspended dust in the terrestrial atmosphere, and some electrification has been observed to persist in dust at levels to 5 km, as well a…
What Can We Learn about Magnetotail Reconnection from 2D PIC Harris-Sheet Simulations?
Goldman, M. V.; Newman, D. L.; Lapenta, G.
The Magnetosphere Multiscale Mission (MMS) will provide the first opportunity to probe electron-scale physics during magnetic reconnection in Earth's magnetopause and magnetotail. This article will address only tail reconnection—as a non-steady-state process in which the first reconnected field lines advance away from the x-point in flux pile-up f…
The Electron Drift Instrument for MMS
Nakamura, R.; Baumjohann, W.; Torbert, R. B. +21 more
The Electron Drift Instrument (EDI) on the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission measures the in-situ electric and magnetic fields using the drift of a weak beam of test electrons that, when emitted in certain directions, return to the spacecraft after one or more gyrations. This drift is related to the electric field and, to a lesser extent, th…
Theory and Modeling for the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission
Aunai, N.; Hesse, M.; Gombosi, T. +8 more
The Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission will provide measurement capabilities, which will exceed those of earlier and even contemporary missions by orders of magnitude. MMS will, for the first time, be able to measure directly and with sufficient resolution key features of the magnetic reconnection process, down to the critical electron scales…
Long-Duration Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies in Emission and Absorption
Fynbo, Johan P. U.; Perley, Daniel A.; Tanvir, Nial R. +2 more
The galaxy population hosting long-duration GRBs provides a means to constrain the progenitor and an opportunity to use these violent explosions to characterize the nature of the high-redshift universe. Studies of GRB host galaxies in emission reveal a population of star-forming galaxies with great diversity, spanning a wide range of masses, metal…