Search Publications
Extreme Solar Events: Setting up a Paradigm
Notsu, Yuta; Maehara, Hiroyuki; Dalla, Silvia +17 more
The Sun is magnetically active and often produces eruptive events on different energetic and temporal scales. Until recently, the upper limit of such events was unknown and believed to be roughly represented by direct instrumental observations. However, two types of extreme events were discovered recently: extreme solar energetic particle events o…
Future Exploration of the Outer Heliosphere and Very Local Interstellar Medium by Interstellar Probe
Wurz, P.; Krimigis, S. M.; Kurth, W. S. +40 more
A detailed overview of the knowledge gaps in our understanding of the heliospheric interaction with the largely unexplored Very Local Interstellar Medium (VLISM) are provided along with predictions of with the scientific discoveries that await. The new measurements required to make progress in this expanding frontier of space physics are discussed…
Laboratory Study of Collisionless Magnetic Reconnection
Yamada, M.; Burch, J.; Egedal, J. +13 more
A concise review is given on the past two decades' results from laboratory experiments on collisionless magnetic reconnection in direct relation with space measurements, especially by the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission. Highlights include spatial structures of electromagnetic fields in ion and electron diffusion regions as a function of u…
On the Physical Nature of the so-Called Prominence Tornadoes
Heinzel, Petr; Schmieder, Brigitte; Labrosse, Nicolas +7 more
The term `tornado' has been used in recent years to describe several solar phenomena, from large-scale eruptive prominences to small-scale photospheric vortices. It has also been applied to the generally stable quiescent prominences, sparking a renewed interest in what historically was called `prominence tornadoes'. This paper carries out an in-de…
Mineralogy of the Venus Surface
Gilmore, Martha S.; Ghail, Richard; Helbert, Jörn +6 more
Surface mineralogy records the primary composition, climate history and the geochemical cycling between the surface and atmosphere. We have not yet directly measured mineralogy on the Venus surface in situ, but a variety of independent investigations yield a basic understanding of surface composition and weathering reactions in the present era whe…
Trojan Asteroid Satellites, Rings, and Activity
Stern, S. Alan; Weaver, Harold A.; Buie, Marc W. +6 more
The Lucy mission will encounter five Jupiter Trojans during its mission with three of the five already known to be multiple systems. These include a near-equal-mass binary, a small and widely separated satellite, and one intermediate-size satellite system. This chapter reviews the current state of knowledge of Trojan asteroid satellites in the con…
Investigating Europa's Radiation Environment with the Europa Clipper Radiation Monitor
McEwen, Alfred; Clark, Roger; Paranicas, Chris +23 more
We present an overview of the radiation environment monitoring program planned for the Europa Clipper mission. The harsh radiation environment of Jupiter will be measured by a dedicated Radiation Monitor (RadMon) subsystem, yielding mission accumulative Total Ionizing Dose (TID) and instantaneous electron flux measurements with a 1-Hz cadence. The…
Cross-Scale Processes of Magnetic Reconnection
Eastwood, J. P.; Lavraud, B.; Hasegawa, H. +8 more
Various physical processes in association with magnetic reconnection occur over multiple scales from the microscopic to macroscopic scale lengths. This paper reviews multi-scale and cross-scale aspects of magnetic reconnection revealed in the near-Earth space beyond the general global-scale features and magnetospheric circulation organized by the …
A Comparison of Presolar Isotopic Signatures in Laboratory-Studied Primitive Solar System Materials and Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: New Insights from Light Elements, Halogens, and Noble Gases
Hoppe, Peter; Altwegg, Kathrin; Rubin, Martin
Comets are considered the most primitive planetary bodies in our Solar System. ESA's Rosetta mission to Jupiter family comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P/CG) has provided a wealth of isotope data which expanded the existing data sets on isotopic compositions of comets considerably. In a previous paper (Hoppe et al. in Space Sci. Rev. 214:106, 20…
Dayside Transient Phenomena and Their Impact on the Magnetosphere and Ionosphere
Zong, Qiugang; Lin, Yu; Kallio, Esa +17 more
Dayside transients, such as hot flow anomalies, foreshock bubbles, magnetosheath jets, flux transfer events, and surface waves, are frequently observed upstream from the bow shock, in the magnetosheath, and at the magnetopause. They play a significant role in the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling. Foreshock transient phenomena, associat…