Search Publications
Lineaments on the Surface of the Consolidated Material of the Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko Nucleus
Keller, H. U.; Hviid, S. F.; Mall, U. +3 more
Morphologic analysis of the fragments (500 × 500 pixels) of images of comet 67P/Churyumov- Gerasimenko obtained with the OSIRIS camera for 18 regions, where the consolidated material is exposed on the surface, has been carried out. In terms of resolution, the images form a series from 0.04 to 1.29 m/pixel; consequently, the areas covered by these …
Changes in the Martian atmosphere induced by auroral electron precipitation
Gérard, J. -C.; Hubert, B.; Shematovich, V. I. +1 more
Typical auroral events in the Martian atmosphere, such as discrete and diffuse auroral emissions detected by UV spectrometers onboard ESA Mars Express and NASA MAVEN, are investigated. Auroral electron kinetic energy distribution functions and energy spectra of the upward and downward electron fluxes are obtained by electron transport calculations…
How Particles in the Martian Atmosphere Influence the Thermal Protection Structure of the Descent Module EXOMARS-2
Golomazov, M. M.; Ivankov, A. A.
Methods for calculating heat and erosion impact caused by particles in the Martian atmosphere on the heat protection of the descent module EXOMARS-2 during descent in the atmosphere are presented. Atmosphere models corresponding to climatic conditions when landing on the Martian surface are investigated for the landing site Oxita Planum.
Comparison of some characteristics of comets 1P/Halley and 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from the Vega and Rosetta mission data
Ksanfomality, L. V.
On March 6 and 9, 1986, for the first time in the history of science, the Russian spacecraft Vega-1 and -2 approached the nucleus of comet 1P/Halley and flew by at a small distance. A while later, on March 14, 1986, the Giotto spacecraft (European Space Agency (ESA)) followed them. Together with the Japanese spacecraft Suisei (Japan Aerospace Expl…
Initial analysis of ion fluxes in the magnetotail of Mars based on simultaneous measurements on Mars Express and Maven
Zelenyi, L. M.; Connerney, J. E. P.; Dubinin, E. M. +4 more
Simultaneous operation of two Mars satellites, equipped with instruments for the study of the plasma environment close to Mars, the European satellite Mars Express and American satellite MAVEN, allows one to investigate the influence of the interplanetary environment on the Martian magnetosphere and atmospheric losses, induced by the solar wind, f…
Estimating the strength of the nucleus material of comet 67P Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Keller, H. U.; Mottola, S.; Hviid, S. F. +5 more
Consideration is given to the estimates for the strength of the consolidated material forming the bulk of the nucleus of comet 67P Churyumov-Gerasimenko and those for the strength of the surface material overlying the consolidated material at the sites of the first and last contact of the Philae lander with the nucleus. The strength of the consoli…
From the Vega mission to comet Halley to the Rosetta mission to comet 67/P Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Zelenyi, L. M.; Ksanfomality, L. V.
The data acquired by the Vega and Giotto spacecraft, while investigating comet 1P/Halley in 1986, are compared to the results of the first phase of exploration of the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko performed with the Rosetta and Philae modules. The course of the Rosetta mission activity and the status of the modules after the Philae pr…
ESA ExoMars program: The next step in exploring Mars
Witasse, O.; Svedhem, H.; McCoy, D. +6 more
The ExoMars program is an ESA-Roscosmos cooperation with some NASA contributions. ExoMars consists of two missions, one in 2016 and one in 2018. The 2016 mission includes an orbiting satellite dedicated to the study of atmospheric trace gases to acquire information on possible on-going geological or biological processes, and a European entry, desc…
ACS experiment for atmospheric studies on "ExoMars-2016" Orbiter
Montmessin, F.; Fedorova, A. A.; Shakun, A. V. +6 more
ACS is a set of spectrometers for atmospheric studies (Atmospheric Chemistry Suite). It is one of the Russian instruments for the Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) of the Russian-European "ExoMars" program. The purpose of the experiment is to study the Martian atmosphere by means of two observations regimes: sensitive trace gases measurements in solar occul…
Numerical simulations of the global circulation of the atmosphere of Venus: Effects of surface relief and solar radiation heating
Rodin, A. V.; Mingalev, I. V.; Orlov, K. G.
The results of numerical simulations of the global circulation of the atmosphere of Venus in the framework of the complete set of gas dynamics equations, taking into account surface relief, are presented. To calculate the radiative heating/cooling of the atmosphere, the relaxation approximation is used. The heating parameters, at which the modeled…