Search Publications

Evidence of nonthermal particles in coronal loops heated impulsively by nanoflares
DOI: 10.1126/science.1255724 Bibcode: 2014Sci...346B.315T

Golub, L.; Tian, H.; De Pontieu, B. +21 more

The physical processes causing energy exchange between the Sun’s hot corona and its cool lower atmosphere remain poorly understood. The chromosphere and transition region (TR) form an interface region between the surface and the corona that is highly sensitive to the coronal heating mechanism. High-resolution observations with the Interface Region…

2014 Science
IRIS 135
Magnetic moment and plasma environment of HD 209458b as determined from Lyα observations
DOI: 10.1126/science.1257829 Bibcode: 2014Sci...346..981K

Holmström, Mats; Lammer, Helmut; Kislyakova, Kristina G. +2 more

Transit observations of HD 209458b in the stellar Lyman-α(Lyα) line revealed strong absorption in both blue and red wings of the line interpreted as hydrogen atoms escaping from the planet’s exosphere at high velocities. The following sources for the absorption were suggested: acceleration by the stellar radiation pressure, natural spectral line b…

2014 Science
eHST 125
A VLBI resolution of the Pleiades distance controversy
DOI: 10.1126/science.1256101 Bibcode: 2014Sci...345.1029M

Stauffer, John R.; Bower, Geoffrey C.; Melis, Carl +2 more

Because of its proximity and its youth, the Pleiades open cluster of stars has been extensively studied and serves as a cornerstone for our understanding of the physical properties of young stars. This role is called into question by the “Pleiades distance controversy,” wherein the cluster distance of 120.2 ± 1.5 parsecs (pc) as measured by the op…

2014 Science
Hipparcos 110
On the origin of near-infrared extragalactic background light anisotropy
DOI: 10.1126/science.1258168 Bibcode: 2014Sci...346..732Z

Gong, Yan; Cooray, Asantha; Matsuura, Shuji +13 more

Extragalactic background light (EBL) anisotropy traces variations in the total production of photons over cosmic history and may contain faint, extended components missed in galaxy point-source surveys. Infrared EBL fluctuations have been attributed to primordial galaxies and black holes at the epoch of reionization (EOR) or, alternately, intrahal…

2014 Science
AKARI 104
Early 56Ni decay gamma rays from SN2014J suggest an unusual explosion
DOI: 10.1126/science.1254738 Bibcode: 2014Sci...345.1162D

Diehl, Roland; Grebenev, Sergei A.; Greiner, Jochen +7 more

Type Ia supernovae result from binary systems that include a carbon-oxygen white dwarf, and these thermonuclear explosions typically produce 0.5 solar mass of radioactive 56Ni. The 56Ni is commonly believed to be buried deeply in the expanding supernova cloud. In SN2014J, we detected the lines at 158 and 812 kiloelectron volt…

2014 Science
INTEGRAL 104
On the prevalence of small-scale twist in the solar chromosphere and transition region
DOI: 10.1126/science.1255732 Bibcode: 2014Sci...346D.315D

Golub, L.; Tian, H.; De Pontieu, B. +21 more

The solar chromosphere and transition region (TR) form an interface between the Sun’s surface and its hot outer atmosphere. There, most of the nonthermal energy that powers the solar atmosphere is transformed into heat, although the detailed mechanism remains elusive. High-resolution (0.33-arc second) observations with NASA’s Interface Region Imag…

2014 Science
IRIS 102
Constraints on Mimas’ interior from Cassini ISS libration measurements
DOI: 10.1126/science.1255299 Bibcode: 2014Sci...346..322T

Charnoz, S.; Lainey, V.; Noyelles, B. +4 more

Like our Moon, the majority of the solar system’s satellites are locked in a 1:1 spin-orbit resonance; on average, these satellites show the same face toward the planet at a constant rotation rate equal to the satellite’s orbital rate. In addition to the uniform rotational motion, physical librations (oscillations about an equilibrium) also occur.…

2014 Science
Cassini 66
The unresolved fine structure resolved: IRIS observations of the solar transition region
DOI: 10.1126/science.1255757 Bibcode: 2014Sci...346E.315H

Golub, L.; Tian, H.; De Pontieu, B. +18 more

The heating of the outer solar atmospheric layers, i.e., the transition region and corona, to high temperatures is a long-standing problem in solar (and stellar) physics. Solutions have been hampered by an incomplete understanding of the magnetically controlled structure of these regions. The high spatial and temporal resolution observations with …

2014 Science
IRIS 65
The Source Crater of Martian Shergottite Meteorites
DOI: 10.1126/science.1247282 Bibcode: 2014Sci...343.1343W

Poulet, François; Werner, Stephanie C.; Ody, Anouck

Absolute ages for planetary surfaces are often inferred by crater densities and only indirectly constrained by the ages of meteorites. We show that the <5 million-year-old and 55-km-wide Mojave Crater on Mars is the ejection source for the meteorites classified as shergottites. Shergottites and this crater are linked by their coinciding meteori…

2014 Science
MEx 59
Super-Eddington Mechanical Power of an Accreting Black Hole in M83
DOI: 10.1126/science.1248759 Bibcode: 2014Sci...343.1330S

Long, K. S.; Soria, R.; Kuntz, K. D. +5 more

Mass accretion onto black holes releases energy in the form of radiation and outflows. Although the radiative flux cannot substantially exceed the Eddington limit, at which the outgoing radiation pressure impedes the inflow of matter, it remains unclear whether the kinetic energy flux is bounded by this same limit. Here, we present the detection o…

2014 Science
eHST 45