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Metal contamination analysis of the epitaxial starting material for scientific CCDs
Kemmer, J.; Strüder, L.; Krause, N. +4 more
Traces of unintentionally introduced titanium into a 3 k Ω cm float-zone epitaxial silicon at ultra low levels of 10 10 cm-3 were found to be the origin of charge transfer loss in pn-CCDs. We identified and backtracked the titanium impurity. The full-depletion design of the pn-CCD, a thin entrance window at the back of the CC…
Synchrotron calibration and response modelling of back-illuminated XMM-RGS CCDs
Bootsma, T. M. V.; van Zwet, E. J.; Brinkman, A. C. +4 more
Back-illuminated CCDs with high quantum efficiency for 0.35-2.5keV X-rays in combination with low efficiency at optical wavelengths have been developed for XMM-RGS. As part of the calibration programme, a systematic study of the CCD response in this energy range has been performed at the Synchrotron Radiation Source in Daresbury, UK. These measure…
Fabrication, test and performance of very large X-ray CCDs designed for astrophysical applications
Haberl, F.; Trümper, J.; Kendziorra, E. +26 more
A 6×6cm2 large X-ray CCD has been developed and fabricated at the Semiconductor Laboratory of the Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik. The CCD has been designed for the focal plane cameras of two satellite missions. The concept is a fully depleted pn-CCD which is sensitive over the whole wafer thickness of about 300µ…
Monochromatic X-ray source for calibrating X-ray telescopes
Bräuninger, H.; Burkert, W.; Arkadiev, V. +5 more
A quasi-monochromatic X-ray source for calibrating X-ray space telescopes was developed, manufactured and tested. The source consists of a powerful X-ray tube of an open type with changeable anode targets and a regulated double-crystal monochromator.
A fast calculation algorithm for the charge transfer loss in CCDs
Strüder, L.; Krause, N.; Soltau, H. +3 more
Charge transfer loss due to deep level traps in CCDs is a common phenomenon. In single-photon counting CCDs for X-ray detection, the charge loss results in a degradation of spectroscopic resolution. The transfer loss of a signal depends on various parameters like temperature, number of transferred charges, number of charges in the preceding signal…
Energetic and relativistic nuclei and electron experiment of the SOHO mission
Valtonen, E.; Peltonen, J.; Peltonen, P. +17 more
The design of the ERNE experiment of the ESA and NASA collaborative SOHO mission is described. ERNE will investigate the sun by measuring energetic particles. Starting from the design objectives, as determined by the scientific goals of the experiment, and from the adopted basic solutions, the design and structure of the instrument are presented i…
Effects of an apparent space dust impact on a position sensing solid state detector aboard the Ulysses spacecraft
Connell, J. J.
The High Energy Telescope (HET) is part of the COsmic and Solar Particle INvestigation (COSPIN) aboard the Ulysses spacecraft. The Ulysses mission is to explore the Heliosphere in three dimensions by passing over the polar regions of the sun. Ulysses achieved it present high inclination (> 80°) solar orbit via a gravitational sling-shot around …