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Deep and shallow crustal structure control on the late-stage volcanism in Syria Planum (Mars)
Pozzobon, Riccardo; Mazzarini, Francesco; Isola, Ilaria
Long-lasting widespread volcanism in Mars is testified by the Tharsis volcanic province, one of the largest volcanic provinces with the largest shield volcanoes of the Solar System. However, volcanism on Mars is characterized also by the occurrence of broad volcanic fields, either in the form of small lava shields or monogenic volcanic cones. The …
The volcanology of Idunn Mons, Venus: The complex evolution of a possible active volcano
Komatsu, Goro; López, Iván; D'Incecco, Piero +1 more
Idunn Mons is a shield volcano located in the Imdr Regio large igneous rise, a Venusian equivalent to a hotspot geologic province on Earth. Recent studies using emissivity data from ESA's Venus Express Mission, together with experimental laboratory studies on the alteration of volcanic materials on Venus conditions, suggest that Idunn Mons is a po…
Planet Mercury: Volcanism in a theatre of global contraction, with examples from the Hokusai quadrangle
Byrne, Paul K.; Rothery, David A.; Wright, Jack
Mercury's geological history has been dominated by global contraction caused by secular cooling of the planet's interior. This cooling has had a profound effect on the expression of the planet's volcanism and tectonism, and the expressions of these two surface evolutionary processes are deeply intertwined. Here, we use case studies from the Hokusa…
The effect of inflation on the morphology-derived rheological parameters of lava flows and its implications for interpreting remote sensing data - A case study on the 2014/2015 eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland
Kolzenburg, S.; Jaenicke, J.; Münzer, U. +1 more
Morphology-derived lava flow rheology is a frequently used tool in volcanology and planetary science to determine rheological parameters and deduce the composition of lavas on terrestrial planets and their moons. These calculations are usually based on physical equations incorporating 1) lava flow driving forces: gravity, slope and flow-rate and 2…
Extraterrestrial lava lakes
Lopes, Rosaly M. C.; Radebaugh, Jani; Byrne, Paul +4 more
Active lava lakes are rare on Earth, with only ten documented examples, all formed by lavas of basaltic composition and housed inside summit craters or calderas. The existence of lava lakes on other planetary bodies may imply similarities in either composition or volcano-tectonic settings, and so has important implications for understanding the li…
Plateaus and sinuous ridges as the fingerprints of lava flow inflation in the Eastern Tharsis Plains of Mars
Williams, David A.; Bleacher, Jacob E.; Crumpler, Larry S. +5 more
The Tharsis Montes rift aprons are composed of outpourings of lava from chaotic terrains to the northeast and southwest flank of each volcano. Sinuous and branching channel networks that are present on the rift aprons suggest the possibility of fluvial processes in their development, or erosion by rapidly emplaced lavas, but the style of lava flow…
A network of lava tubes as the origin of Labyrinthus Noctis and Valles Marineris on Mars
Leone, Giovanni
The role of lava tube networks and lava channels is reassessed as the primordial stage of the volcano-erosional processes that formed the Labyrinthus Noctis-Valles Marineris system instead of a tectonic origin. The combined use of CTX, CRISM, HiRISE imagery, and MOLA profiles has provided valuable insight in the evolution of pit chains into fossae…
The topography and morphology of low shields and associated landforms of plains volcanism in the Tharsis region of Mars
Hauber, Ernst; Gwinner, Klaus; Greeley, R. +2 more
The morphology and topography of volcanic landforms provide critical information to the investigation of their tectonic setting and the physical characteristics (e.g., rheology) of their eruption products. Their investigation is also an important prerequisite for studies of comparative planetology, (e.g., the comparison between surface features of…
Spatial and alignment analyses for a field of small volcanic vents south of Pavonis Mons and implications for the Tharsis province, Mars
Greeley, Ronald; Williams, David A.; Glotch, Timothy D. +5 more
A field of small volcanic vents south of Pavonis Mons was mapped with each vent assigned a two-dimensional data point. Nearest neighbor and two-point azimuth analyses were applied to the resulting location data. Nearest neighbor results show that vents within this field are spatially random in a Poisson sense, suggesting that the vents formed inde…
Shape, rheology and emplacement times of small martian shield volcanoes
Mangold, N.; Pinet, P.; Baratoux, D. +3 more
This paper focuses on the shape of 31 shield volcanoes of small to intermediate size (a few tens of kilometers in diameter) in 5 regions of Mars: Tempe Terra, Syria Planum, Pavonis Mons, Arsia Mons and central Elysium Planitia. A model for the shape of these shield volcanoes is applied, based upon the concept of porous flow of an unconfined aquife…