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Direct evidence of solar wind deceleration in the foreshock of the Earth
Zhang, T. L.; Dandouras, I.; Lucek, E. +3 more
Although the solar wind deceleration in the terrestrial foreshock was noticed three decades ago, previous studies show some conflicting results. This paper presents direct evidence of solar wind deceleration in the foreshock of the Earth by using the data of two Cluster satellites. On 2 February 2003, the two satellites (C1 and C3) of Cluster miss…
Recurrent CIR-accelerated ions observed by STEREO SEPT
Gómez-Herrero, R.; Heber, B.; Müller-Mellin, R. +3 more
Fast solar wind streams originating from coronal holes interact with the preceding slow wind, leading to the formation of corotating interaction regions (CIRs) in the interplanetary medium. Near solar minimum CIR-associated shocks become the dominant source of energetic ion increases observed near 1 AU in the energy range between some tens of keV/…
Turbulence and intermittency in the heliospheric magnetic field in fast and slow solar wind
Balogh, A.; Noullez, A.; von Steiger, R. +1 more
We study the nonuniform solar wind turbulence using high-resolution Ulysses magnetic field data measured at different solar activity level, heliospheric latitudes, and distance. We define several types of solar wind dependent of the coronal region of origin and also of the dynamical behavior of the different streams, namely, “pure” fast wind, fast…
Analysis of narrowband emission observed in the Saturn magnetosphere
Gurnett, D. A.; Coates, A. J.; Santolik, O. +4 more
Narrowband emission is observed at Saturn centered near 5 kHz and 20 kHz and harmonics of 20 kHz. This emission appears to be in many ways similar to Jovian narrowband emission observed at higher frequencies. We analyze one example of this emission near a possible source region. In situ electron distributions suggest narrowband emission has a sour…
Simultaneous observations of flux transfer events by THEMIS, Cluster, Double Star, and SuperDARN: Acceleration of FTEs
Dandouras, I.; Fazakerley, A. N.; Milan, S. E. +3 more
We present simultaneous observations of flux transfer events (FTEs) made by the THEMIS and Cluster spacecraft on 3 May 2007, along with supporting observations of fast flows in the dayside ionosphere observed by the SuperDARN radar network. The THEMIS spacecraft were in a string-of-pearls formation approximately 20,000 km long and crossed the post…
L shell distribution of energetic electrons at Saturn
Krupp, N.; Krimigis, S. M.; Mitchell, D. G. +1 more
Energetic electron fluxes (110-485 keV) observed by the MIMI/LEMMS instrument on the Cassini mission to Saturn were averaged into azimuthal bins and L shell bins for the period from day 150 2004 to day 366 2008. In local time, the electrons fluxes maximize on the night side between the Mimas and Rhea L shells and have a minimum near noon. This loc…
Energetic plasma sheet electrons and their relationship with the solar wind: A Cluster and Geotail study
Dandouras, I.; Baker, D. N.; Fritz, T. A. +4 more
The statistical relationship between tens of kiloelectron volts plasma sheet electrons and the solar wind, as well as >2 MeV geosynchronous electrons, is investigated using plasma sheet measurements from Cluster (2001-2005) and Geotail (1998-2005) and concurrent solar wind measurements from ACE. Plasma sheet selection criteria from previous stu…
Multipoint observations of ions in the 30-160 keV energy range upstream of the Earth's bow shock
Daly, P. W.; Klecker, B.; Lucek, E. A. +2 more
We use multipoint observation data by Cluster during time periods when the interspacecraft separation distance was between 1 and 1.5 Earth radii in order to study the physical processes related to diffuse ions at <200 keV/e. For our analysis we use data from the Research with Adaptive Particle Imaging Detectors (RAPID) experiment onboard Cluste…
A practical database method for predicting arrivals of ``average'' interplanetary shocks at Earth
Feng, X. S.; Zhang, Y.; Dryer, M. +3 more
A practical database method for predicting the interplanetary shock arrival time at L1 point is presented here. First, a shock transit time database (hereinafter called Database-I) based on HAFv.1 (version 1 of the Hakamada-Akasofu-Fry model) is preliminarily established with hypothetical solar events. Then, on the basis of the prediction test res…
Vortex-like plasma flow structures observed by Cluster at the boundary of the outer radiation belt and ring current: A link between the inner and outer magnetosphere
Zhang, H.; Zong, Q. -G.; Daly, P. W. +8 more
Two vortex-like plasma flow structures have been observed at the outer radiation belt and/or the ring current region on 11 April 2002, from 0415 to 0635 UT, when the Cluster fleet entered (in the Southern Hemisphere) and exited (in the Northern Hemisphere) the boundary layer of the inner magnetosphere near 2130 MLT. On 11 April 2002 during the per…