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Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) (1995)
St. Cyr, O. C.; Fleck, B.
SOHO is the most comprehensive space mission ever devoted to the study of the Sun and its nearby cosmic environment known as the heliosphere. It was launched in December 1995 and is currently funded at least through the end of 2016. SOHO's 12 instruments observe and measure structures and processes occurring inside as well as outside the Sun and w…
Cluster Technical Challenges and Scientific Achievements
Escoubet, C. P.; Goldstein, M. L.; Taylor, M. G. G. T. +5 more
The Cluster mission has been operated successfully for 14 years. As the first science mission comprising four identical spacecraft, Cluster has faced many challenges during its lifetime. Initially, during the selection process where strong competition with SOHO was almost fatal to one of them, finally both missions were merged into the Solar Terre…