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Spectral analysis for wide energy channels
Daly, P. W.; Kronberg, E. A.
For energetic particle measurements whose spectra follow a power law, it is often challenging to define a characteristic ("effective") energy of an energy channel. In order to avoid time-consuming calculations, the geometric mean is often used as an approximation for the effective energy. This approximation is considered to be pretty good. It is, …
In-flight calibration of the Cluster/CODIF sensor
Kistler, L. M.; Mouikis, C. G.; Genestreti, K. J.
The Cluster/CODIF sensor is a time-of-flight instrument that measures the ion composition over the energy range 40 eV e-1 to 40 keV e-1. It operated for 4 yr on S/C 1, 9 yr on S/C 3, and is still operational on S/C 4, after more than 12 yr. During this time the total ion detection efficiency has decreased by a factor of 50. I…
Enhanced timing accuracy for Cluster data
Walker, S. N.; Yearby, K. H.; Balikhin, M. A.
The standard timing accuracy for the Cluster mission is ±2 ms. However for inter-spacecraft comparisons of waveform data, a much higher accuracy is needed - for example a timing error of 1 ms results in a phase error of 65° for a signal at 180 Hz. Most Cluster data are recorded on an onboard solid state recorder and time-stamped using an onboard c…
Retrieval of ionospheric profiles from the Mars Express MARSIS experiment data and comparison with radio occultation data
Sánchez-Cano, B.; Witasse, O.; Blelly, P. -L. +4 more
Since 2005 the Mars Advanced Radar and Ionospheric Sounding experiment (MARSIS) aboard Mars Express has acquired a unique dataset on the ionosphere of Mars made up of ionospheric soundings taken by the instrument working in its active ionospheric sounding (AIS) mode. These soundings play a role similar to those of modern Terrestrial digisondes in …