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Solar X-ray Monitor (XSM) on-board Chandrayaan-2 orbiter
Shanmugam, M.; Vadawale, S. V.; Acharya, Y. B. +6 more
The remote X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy is a powerful technique to investigate the elemental abundances in the atmosphere-less planetary bodies. The experiment involves measuring spectra of fluorescent X-rays from lunar surface using a low energy X-ray detector onboard an orbiting satellite. Since the flux of fluorescent X-ray lines critically …
C1XS results-First measurement of enhanced sodium on the lunar surface
Grande, M.; Narendranath, S.; Sreekumar, P. +1 more
We describe the first unambiguous evidence of enhanced sodium on the lunar surface revealed by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS). The C1XS onboard the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft was designed to map the surface elemental chemistry of the Moon using the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique. During the nine months of remote sensing observations…
Lunar photometric modelling with SMART-1/AMIE imaging data
Muinonen, K.; Videen, G.; Josset, J. -L. +2 more
We investigate the light-scattering properties of the lunar mare areas. A large photometric dataset was extracted from images taken by the AMIE camera on board the SMART-1 spacecraft. Inter-particle shadowing effects in the regolith are modelled using ray-tracing simulations, and then a phase function is fit to the data using Bayesian techniques a…
Ground calibrations of the Solar Intensity X-ray Spectrometer (SIXS) on board BepiColombo
Andersson, H.; Alha, L.; Huovelin, J. +4 more
In this paper we present the methods, results, and analysis of the BepiColombo SIXS instruments' ground calibrations. The aim of these calibrations was to characterize the performance of the three SIXS X-ray detectors to enable reliable spectral analysis of the solar X-ray data. The ground calibrations for characterizing the performance of the thr…