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Aerosols: The key to understanding Titan's lower ionosphere

López-Moreno, J. J.; Molina-Cuberos, G. J.; Witasse, O. +2 more

The Permittivity Wave and Altimetry system on board the Huygens probe observed an ionospheric hidden layer at a much lower altitude than the main ionosphere during its descent through the atmosphere of Titan, the largest satellite of Saturn. Previous studies predicted a similar ionospheric layer. However, neither previous nor post-Huygens theoreti…