Search Publications

A diffuse core in Saturn revealed by ring seismology
DOI: 10.1038/s41550-021-01448-3 Bibcode: 2021NatAs...5.1103M

Fuller, Jim; Mankovich, Christopher R.

The best constraints on the internal structures of giant planets have historically originated from measurements of their gravity fields1-3. These data are inherently mostly sensitive to a planet's outer regions, stymieing efforts to measure the mass and compactness of the cores of Jupiter2,4,5 and Saturn6,7. Howeve…

2021 Nature Astronomy
Cassini 103
Bayesian analysis of Enceladus's plume data to assess methanogenesis
DOI: 10.1038/s41550-021-01372-6 Bibcode: 2021NatAs...5..805A

Affholder, Antonin; Guyot, François; Sauterey, Boris +2 more

Observations from NASA's Cassini spacecraft established that Saturn's moon Enceladus has an internal liquid ocean. Analysis of a plume of ocean material ejected into space suggests that alkaline hydrothermal vents are present on Enceladus's seafloor. On Earth, such deep-sea vents harbour microbial ecosystems rich in methanogenic archaea. Here we u…

2021 Nature Astronomy
Cassini 30
Constraining Saturn's Interior with Ring Seismology: Effects of Differential Rotation and Stable Stratification
DOI: 10.3847/PSJ/ac0e2a Bibcode: 2021PSJ.....2..198D

Fuller, Jim; Lai, Dong; Dewberry, Janosz W. +2 more

Normal mode oscillations in Saturn excite density and bending waves in the C ring, providing a valuable window into the planet's interior. Saturn's fundamental modes (f-modes) excite the majority of the observed waves, while gravito-inertial modes (rotationally modified g-modes) associated with stable stratification in the deep interior provide a …

2021 The Planetary Science Journal
Cassini 18
Potential vorticity structure of Titan's polar vortices from Cassini CIRS observations
DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114030 Bibcode: 2021Icar..35414030S

Nixon, Conor A.; Irwin, Patrick G. J.; Teanby, Nicholas A. +4 more

The Cassini mission has provided the best opportunity to date to extensively study the seasonal variation in Titan's atmosphere, with observations spanning almost half a Titan year (Ls = 293 - 93 °). An important feature in the Titan middle-atmosphere is the formation of a polar vortex. Observations have shown that an initially well-dev…

2021 Icarus
Cassini 18
Jupiter's Auroral Radio Emissions Observed by Cassini: Rotational Versus Solar Wind Control, and Components Identification
DOI: 10.1029/2021JA029780 Bibcode: 2021JGRA..12629780Z

Cecconi, B.; Lamy, L.; Zarka, P. +5 more

Reanalyzing Cassini radio observations performed during Jupiter's flyby of 2000-2001, we study the internal (rotational) versus external (solar wind) control of Jupiter's radio emissions, from kilometer to decameter wavelengths, and the relations between the different auroral radio components. For that purpose, we build a database of the occurrenc…

2021 Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics)
Cassini 14
Haze Seasonal Variations of Titan's Upper Atmosphere during the Cassini Mission
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abcd3b Bibcode: 2021ApJ...907...36S

West, Robert A.; Vinatier, Sandrine; Seignovert, Benoît +1 more

This study presents a 13 yr survey of haze UV extinction profiles, monitoring the temporal evolution of the detached haze layer (DHL) in Titan's upper atmosphere (350-600 km). As reported by West et al. (GRL vol.38, L06204) at the equator, we show that the DHL was present at all latitudes below 55°N during the northern winter (2004-2009). Subseque…

2021 The Astrophysical Journal
Cassini 13
Flux Transfer Events at a Reconnection Suppressed Magnetopause: Cassini Observations at Saturn
DOI: 10.1029/2020JA028786 Bibcode: 2021JGRA..12628786J

Coates, Andrew J.; Fuselier, Stephen A.; Slavin, James A. +5 more

We present the discovery of seven new flux transfer events (FTEs) at Saturn's dayside magnetopause by the Cassini spacecraft and analyze the observations of all eight known FTEs. We investigate how FTEs may differ at Saturn where the magnetopause conditions are likely to diamagnetically suppress magnetic reconnection from occurring. The measured i…

2021 Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics)
Cassini 11
Empirical Selection of Auroral Kilometric Radiation During a Multipoint Remote Observation With Wind and Cassini
DOI: 10.1029/2021JA029425 Bibcode: 2021JGRA..12629425W

Jackman, C. M.; Bonnin, X.; Cecconi, B. +5 more

Auroral Kilometric Radiation (AKR) is terrestrial radio emission that originates in particle acceleration regions along magnetic field lines, coinciding with discrete auroral arcs. AKR viewing geometry is complex due to the confinement of the source regions to nightside local times (LTs) and the anisotropy of the beaming pattern, so observations a…

2021 Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics)
Cassini 10
Cassini Observation of Relativistic Electron Butterfly Distributions in Saturn's Inner Radiation Belts: Evidence for Acceleration by Local Processes
DOI: 10.1029/2021GL092690 Bibcode: 2021GeoRL..4892690Y

Krupp, N.; Wei, Y.; Roussos, E. +3 more

The morphology of electron pitch angle distributions (PADs) helps to identify dynamic processes in Saturn's magnetosphere. Previous studies demonstrated convective transport being important for relativistic electron acceleration at L > 4 in the inner magnetosphere, whereas closer to Saturn the situation is not as well established. We have inves…

2021 Geophysical Research Letters
Cassini 9
Sampling Plume Deposits on Enceladus' Surface to Explore Ocean Materials and Search for Traces of Life or Biosignatures
DOI: 10.3847/PSJ/abf2c5 Bibcode: 2021PSJ.....2..100C

Malaska, Michael J.; Choukroun, Mathieu; Backes, Paul +14 more

Enceladus is unique as an astrobiology target in that it hosts an active plume sourced directly from its habitable subsurface ocean. Ice particles from the plume contain geochemical constituents that are diagnostic of the ocean conditions, and may hold traces of life and/or biosignatures, if they exist. Up to 93% of the plume particles fall back o…

2021 The Planetary Science Journal
Cassini 8