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To E or Not to E : Numerical Nuances of Global Coronal Models

Poedts, Stefaan; Perri, Barbara; Lani, Andrea +2 more

In recent years, global coronal models have experienced an ongoing increase in popularity as tools for forecasting solar weather. Within the domain of up to 21.5 R _⊙, magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is used to resolve the coronal structure using magnetograms as inputs at the solar surface. Ideally, these computations would be repeated with e…

Integrated Geostationary Solar Energetic Particle Events Catalog: GSEP

Martens, Petrus C.; Georgoulis, Manolis K.; Aydin, Berkay +1 more

We present a catalog of solar energetic particle (SEP) events covering solar cycles 22, 23 and 24. We correlate and integrate three existing catalogs based on Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite integral proton flux data. We visually verified and labeled each event in the catalog to provide a homogenized data set. We have identified …

Statistical Analysis of Circular-ribbon Flares

Xu, Zhe; Li, Shuting; Zhang, Qingmin +4 more

Circular-ribbon flares (CFs) are a special type of solar flares owing to their particular magnetic topology. In this paper, we conducted a comprehensive statistical analysis of 134 CFs from 2011 September to 2017 June, including 4 B-class, 82 C-class, 40 M-class, and 8 X-class flares. The flares were observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on…

Updated Photon Scattering Coefficients (g_values) for Mercury's Exospheric Species

Killen, Rosemary M.; Vervack, Ronald J., Jr.; Burger, Matthew H.

In an optically thin exosphere such as those of Mercury and the Moon, the optically stimulated emissions are directly proportional to the stimulating solar flux. An important quantity in relating measured emission to column abundance in remote-sensing observations is the g_value. The g_value is proportional to the f-value of the emission line and …

Variability of the Sun's Luminosity Places Constraints on the Thermal Equilibrium of the Convection Zone

Dudok de Wit, T.; Vieira, L. E. A.; Kopp, G. +5 more

Luminosity, which is the total amount of radiant energy emitted by an object, is one of the most critical quantities in astrophysics for characterizing stars. Equally important is the temporal evolution of a star's luminosity because of its intimate connection with the stellar energy budget, large-scale convective motion, and heat storage in the s…