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Estimating Distance from Parallaxes. IV. Distances to 1.33 Billion Stars in Gaia Data Release 2
Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.; Rybizki, J.; Fouesneau, M. +2 more
For the vast majority of stars in the second Gaia data release, reliable distances cannot be obtained by inverting the parallax. A correct inference procedure must instead be used to account for the nonlinearity of the transformation and the asymmetry of the resulting probability distribution. Here, we infer distances to essentially all 1.33 billi…
The TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List
Torres, Guillermo; Latham, David W.; Muirhead, Philip S. +16 more
The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) will be conducting a nearly all-sky photometric survey over two years, with a core mission goal to discover small transiting exoplanets orbiting nearby bright stars. It will obtain 30 minute cadence observations of all objects in the TESS fields of view, along with two-minute cadence observations of…
The California-Kepler Survey. VII. Precise Planet Radii Leveraging Gaia DR2 Reveal the Stellar Mass Dependence of the Planet Radius Gap
Fulton, Benjamin J.; Petigura, Erik A.
The distribution of planet sizes encodes details of planet formation and evolution. We present the most precise planet size distribution to date based on Gaia parallaxes, Kepler photometry, and spectroscopic temperatures from the California-Kepler Survey. Previously, we measured stellar radii to 11% precision using high-resolution spectroscopy; by…
The APOGEE-2 Survey of the Orion Star-forming Complex. II. Six-dimensional Structure
Da Rio, Nicola; Pan, Kaike; Kounkel, Marina +17 more
We present an analysis of spectroscopic and astrometric data from APOGEE-2 and Gaia DR2 to identify structures toward the Orion Complex. By applying a hierarchical clustering algorithm to the six-dimensional stellar data, we identify spatially and/or kinematically distinct groups of young stellar objects with ages ranging from 1 to 12 Myr. We also…
Empirical Accurate Masses and Radii of Single Stars with TESS and Gaia
Stassun, Keivan G.; Corsaro, Enrico; Gaudi, B. Scott +1 more
We present a methodology for the determination of empirical masses of single stars through the combination of three direct observables with Gaia and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS): (i) the surface gravity via granulation-driven variations in the TESS light curve, (ii) the bolometric flux at Earth via the broadband spectral energy dis…
275 Candidates and 149 Validated Planets Orbiting Bright Stars in K2 Campaigns 0-10
Vanderburg, Andrew; Bieryla, Allyson; Latham, David W. +25 more
Since 2014, NASA’s K2 mission has observed large portions of the ecliptic plane in search of transiting planets and has detected hundreds of planet candidates. With observations planned until at least early 2018, K2 will continue to identify more planet candidates. We present here 275 planet candidates observed during Campaigns 0-10 of the K2 miss…
Rotation of Low-mass Stars in Upper Scorpius and ρ Ophiuchus with K2
Rebull, L. M.; Stauffer, J. R.; Cody, A. M. +3 more
We present an analysis of K2 light curves (LCs) for candidate members of the young Upper Sco (USco) association (∼8 Myr) and the neighboring ρ Oph embedded cluster (∼1 Myr). We establish ∼1300 stars as probable members, ∼80% of which are periodic. The phased LCs have a variety of shapes which can be attributed to physical causes ranging from stell…
An Optical Transmission Spectrum for the Ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121b Measured with the Hubble Space Telescope
Nikolov, Nikolay; Drummond, Benjamin; Sing, David K. +24 more
We present an atmospheric transmission spectrum for the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121b, measured using the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space Telescope. Across the 0.47-1 µ {{m}} wavelength range, the data imply an atmospheric opacity comparable to—and in some spectroscopic channels exceeding—that previously measured…
The Stellar Membership of the Taurus Star-forming Region
Luhman, K. L.
The high-precision astrometry from the second data release of the Gaia mission has made it possible to greatly improve the census of members of nearby clusters and associations. I have applied the Gaia data to the Taurus star-forming region, refining the sample of known members and identifying candidates for undiscovered members. The resulting sam…
An Ultra-short Period Rocky Super-Earth with a Secondary Eclipse and a Neptune-like Companion around K2-141
Kristiansen, Martti H.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Latham, David W. +44 more
Ultra-short period (USP) planets are a class of low-mass planets with periods shorter than one day. Their origin is still unknown, with photo-evaporation of mini-Neptunes and in situ formation being the most credited hypotheses. Formation scenarios differ radically in the predicted composition of USP planets, and it is therefore extremely importan…