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Magnetohydrodynamic simulation of interplanetary propagation of multiple coronal mass ejections with internal magnetic flux rope (SUSANOO-CME)
Kataoka, R.; Shiota, D.
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most important drivers of various types of space weather disturbance. Here we report a newly developed magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of the solar wind, including a series of multiple CMEs with internal spheromak-type magnetic fields. First, the polarity of the spheromak magnetic field is set as determin…
The radial speed-expansion speed relation for Earth-directed CMEs
Gopalswamy, N.; Yashiro, S.; Mäkelä, P.
Earth-directed coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the main drivers of major geomagnetic storms. Therefore, a good estimate of the disturbance arrival time at Earth is required for space weather predictions. The STEREO and SOHO spacecraft were viewing the Sun in near quadrature during January 2010 to September 2012, providing a unique opportunity to…
One year in the Earth's magnetosphere: A global MHD simulation and spacecraft measurements
Kallio, E.; Palin, L.; Facskó, G. +6 more
The response of the Earth's magnetosphere to changing solar wind conditions is studied with a 3-D Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model. One full year (155 Cluster orbits) of the Earth's magnetosphere is simulated using Grand Unified Magnetosphere Ionosphere Coupling simulation (GUMICS-4) magnetohydrodynamic code. Real solar wind measurements are given …
The utility of polarized heliospheric imaging for space weather monitoring
Webb, D. F.; Davies, J. A.; DeForest, C. E. +1 more
A polarizing heliospheric imager is a critical next generation tool for space weather monitoring and prediction. Heliospheric imagers can track coronal mass ejections (CMEs) as they cross the solar system, using sunlight scattered by electrons in the CME. This tracking has been demonstrated to improve the forecasting of impact probability and arri…
Rating global magnetosphere model simulations through statistical data-model comparisons
Ridley, A. J.; De Zeeuw, D. L.; Rastätter, L.
The Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) was created in 2000 to allow researchers to remotely run simulations and explore the results through online tools. Since that time, over 10,000 simulations have been conducted at CCMC through their runs-on-request service. Many of those simulations have been event studies using global magnetohydrody…
Prediction of shock arrival times from CME and flare data
Nieves-Chinchilla, Teresa; Pulkkinen, Antti; Núñez, Marlon
This paper presents the Shock Arrival Model (SARM) for predicting shock arrival times for distances from 0.72 AU to 8.7 AU by using coronal mass ejections (CME) and flare data. SARM is an aerodynamic drag model described by a differential equation that has been calibrated with a data set of 120 shocks observed from 1997 to 2010 by minimizing the m…
Contamination in electron observations of the silicon detector on board Cluster/RAPID/IES instrument in Earth's radiation belts and ring current
Daly, P. W.; Klecker, B.; Pierrard, V. +10 more
Since more than 15 years, the Cluster mission passes through Earth's radiation belts at least once every 2 days for several hours, measuring the electron intensity at energies from 30 to 400 keV. These data have previously been considered not usable due to contamination caused by penetrating energetic particles (protons at >100 keV and electron…