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Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Environment Module framework
Schwadron, N. A.; Posner, A.; Dayeh, M. A. +11 more
We are preparing to return humans to the Moon and setting the stage for exploration to Mars and beyond. However, it is unclear if long missions outside of low-Earth orbit can be accomplished with acceptable risk. The central objective of a new modeling project, the Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Exposure Module (EMMREM), is to develop and validate a nu…
Validation of SWMF magnetic field and plasma
Ridley, A. J.; Welling, D. T.
The Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF), using the coupled BATSRUS model, the Rice Convection Model, and an ionosphere electrodynamics solver, is used to simulate 10 space weather events. The simulations are completed in near real time using a limited amount of computational resources. Satellite-specific magnetic field, plasma energy-density s…
Modeling the 2003 Halloween events with EMMREM: Energetic particles, radial gradients, and coupling to MHD
Schwadron, N. A.; Desai, M. I.; Dayeh, M. A. +3 more
The Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Environment Module (EMMREM) is a comprehensive numerical framework for characterizing and predicting the radiation environment of the inner heliosphere. We present a study of the October/November 2003 Halloween solar energetic particle events with an energetic particle acceleration and propagation model that is part o…
Application of a new phenomenological coronal mass ejection model to space weather forecasting
Tappin, S. J.; Howard, T. A.
Recent work by the authors has produced a new phenomenological model for coronal mass ejections (CMEs). This model, called the Tappin-Howard (TH) Model, takes advantage of the breakdown of geometrical linearity when CMEs are observed by white-light imagers at large distances from the Sun. The model extracts 3-D structure and kinematic information …
Investigations of the sensitivity of a coronal mass ejection model (ENLIL) to solar input parameters
Odstrcil, D.; Vršnak, B.; Hesse, M. +3 more
Understanding space weather is not only important for satellite operations and human exploration of the solar system but also to phenomena here on Earth that may potentially disturb and disrupt electrical signals. Some of the most violent space weather effects are caused by coronal mass ejections (CMEs), but in order to predict the caused effects,…
Modeling proton intensity gradients and radiation dose equivalents in the inner heliosphere using EMMREM: May 2003 solar events
Schwadron, N. A.; Desai, M. I.; Dayeh, M. A. +5 more
Solar energetic particles (SEPs) provide a significant radiation hazard for manned and unmanned interplanetary (IP) space missions. In order to estimate these hazards, it is essential to quantify the gradients of SEP intensities in the IP medium. The Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Exposure Module (EMMREM) is a new project aimed at characterizing the ti…
Model uncertainties in predictions of arrival of coronal mass ejections at Earth orbit
Odstrcil, D.; Taktakishvili, A.; MacNeice, P.
It is very important, both for research and forecasting application, to be aware of uncertainty estimation of a scientific model, i.e., to know how model performance depends on the uncertainty in the input parameters. Scientific models are becoming more important as tools for space weather operators' applications and for space weather forecasting.…
On the success rate of the farside seismic imaging of active regions
Scherrer, P. H.; Hill, F.; Braun, D. C. +2 more
Seismic maps of the nonvisible side of the Sun (farside) have been used for almost a decade to follow large active regions before they rotate to face the Earth. Preliminary efforts to quantify the success rate of the technique (seismic holography) have been published with Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) data. In this paper we present a thorough sta…
Space Weather in Focus: A Decade in Review
Tretkoff, Ernie
In the past decade, many events, discoveries, and publications have brought attention to how the Sun affects technologies, increasing awareness of space weather's effects among scientists, policy makers, and the public. As the decade comes to a close, Space Weather staff writers wondered what comes into focus after a quick scan of the past 10 year…