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Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Environment Module framework
Schwadron, N. A.; Posner, A.; Dayeh, M. A. +11 more
We are preparing to return humans to the Moon and setting the stage for exploration to Mars and beyond. However, it is unclear if long missions outside of low-Earth orbit can be accomplished with acceptable risk. The central objective of a new modeling project, the Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Exposure Module (EMMREM), is to develop and validate a nu…
Modeling the 2003 Halloween events with EMMREM: Energetic particles, radial gradients, and coupling to MHD
Schwadron, N. A.; Desai, M. I.; Dayeh, M. A. +3 more
The Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Environment Module (EMMREM) is a comprehensive numerical framework for characterizing and predicting the radiation environment of the inner heliosphere. We present a study of the October/November 2003 Halloween solar energetic particle events with an energetic particle acceleration and propagation model that is part o…
Modeling proton intensity gradients and radiation dose equivalents in the inner heliosphere using EMMREM: May 2003 solar events
Schwadron, N. A.; Desai, M. I.; Dayeh, M. A. +5 more
Solar energetic particles (SEPs) provide a significant radiation hazard for manned and unmanned interplanetary (IP) space missions. In order to estimate these hazards, it is essential to quantify the gradients of SEP intensities in the IP medium. The Earth-Moon-Mars Radiation Exposure Module (EMMREM) is a new project aimed at characterizing the ti…