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High Energy Solar Particle Events and Their Relationship to Associated Flare, CME and GLE Parameters

Vainio, R.; Dalla, S.; Raukunen, O. +3 more

Large solar eruptive events, including solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), can lead to solar energetic particle (SEP) events. During these events, protons are accelerated up to several GeV and pose numerous space weather risks. These risks include, but are not limited to, radiation hazards to astronauts and disruption to satellites and…

Detection and Characterization of a Coronal Mass Ejection Using Interplanetary Scintillation Measurements From the Murchison Widefield Array

Morgan, J.; Ekers, R.; McCauley, P. I. +2 more

We have shown previously that the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA), can detect 100s of Interplanetary Scintillation (IPS) sources simultaneously across a field of view (FoV) ∼30° in extent. To test if we can use this capability to track heliospheric structures, we undertook a search of 88 hr of MWA IPS data, and identified an observation likely to …

Upstream Solar Wind Prediction up to Mars by an Operational Solar Wind Prediction System

Luo, Bingxian; Zhong, Qiuzhen; Liu, Siqing +10 more

Combining the upstream solar wind observations measured by Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN), Advanced Composition Explorer(ACE) and Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) from October 2014 to April 2021, we investigate the statistical properties of the background solar wind at Mars and Earth. By applying an operational solar wind pr…

Partially Erupted Prominence Material as a Diagnostic of Coronal Mass Ejection Trajectory

Thompson, B. J.; Mason, E. I.; Hovis-Afflerbach, B. A.

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are energetic releases of large-scale magnetic structures from the Sun. CMEs can have impacts on spacecraft and at Earth. This trajectory is typically assumed to be radial, but often the CME moves outward with some spatial offset from the source region where the eruption initially occurred. A CME is frequently accompa…

L1 and Off Sun-Earth Line Visible-Light Imaging of Earth-Directed CMEs: An Analysis of Inconsistent Observations

Möstl, Christian; Barnes, David; Davies, Jackie A. +1 more

The efficacy of coronal mass ejection (CME) observations as a key input to space weather forecasting is explored by comparing on and off Sun-Earth line observations from the ESA/NASA SOHO and NASA STEREO spacecraft. A comparison is made of CME catalogs based on L1 coronagraph imagery and off Sun-Earth line coronagraph and heliospheric imager obser…