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Hard X-Ray/Soft Gamma-Ray Experiments and Missions: Overview and Prospects
Frontera, Filippo; Cavallari, Erica
Starting from 1960s, a great number of missions and experiments have been performed for the study of the high-energy sky. This review gives a wide vision of the most important space missions and balloon experiments that have operated in the 10-600 keV band, a crucial window for the study of the most energetic and violent phenomena in the Universe.…
Modern Geometric Methods of Distance Determination
Pietrzyński, Grzegorz; Thévenin, Frédéric; Falanga, Maurizio +2 more
Building a 3D picture of the Universe at any distance is one of the major challenges in astronomy, from the nearby Solar System to distant Quasars and galaxies. This goal has forced astronomers to develop techniques to estimate or to measure the distance of point sources on the sky. While most distance estimates used since the beginning of the 20t…
Data Timing, Time Transfer and On-board Clock Monitoring for Space Astrometry with Gaia
Butkevich, Alexey G.; Klioner, Sergei A.; Geyer, Robin +1 more
The paper discusses the problematic of data timing in the framework of the space astrometry mission Gaia. For various reasons related both to astrometry and to the measuring principles of the Gaia instrument it is mandatory to assign a highly stable and accurate time tag for each observational point. For this purpose Gaia has a Rb clock on board. …