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Old-Aged Primary Distance Indicators

Salaris, Maurizio; Matsunaga, Noriyuki; Beaton, Rachael L. +8 more

Old-aged stellar distance indicators are present in all Galactic structures (halo, bulge, disk) and in galaxies of all Hubble types and, thus, are immensely powerful tools for understanding our Universe. Here we present a comprehensive review for three primary standard candles from Population II: (i) RR Lyrae type variables (RRL), (ii) type II Cep…