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HelioSwarm: A Multipoint, Multiscale Mission to Characterize Turbulence

Verscharen, Daniel; Retinò, Alessandro; Alexandrova, Olga +47 more

HelioSwarm (HS) is a NASA Medium-Class Explorer mission of the Heliophysics Division designed to explore the dynamic three-dimensional mechanisms controlling the physics of plasma turbulence, a ubiquitous process occurring in the heliosphere and in plasmas throughout the universe. This will be accomplished by making simultaneous measurements at ni…

Particle Acceleration by Magnetic Reconnection in Geospace

Khotyaintsev, Yuri; Drake, James F.; Oka, Mitsuo +7 more

Particles are accelerated to very high, non-thermal energies during explosive energy-release phenomena in space, solar, and astrophysical plasma environments. While it has been established that magnetic reconnection plays an important role in the dynamics of Earth's magnetosphere, it remains unclear how magnetic reconnection can further explain pa…

Laboratory Study of Collisionless Magnetic Reconnection

Yamada, M.; Burch, J.; Egedal, J. +13 more

A concise review is given on the past two decades' results from laboratory experiments on collisionless magnetic reconnection in direct relation with space measurements, especially by the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission. Highlights include spatial structures of electromagnetic fields in ion and electron diffusion regions as a function of u…

Cross-Scale Processes of Magnetic Reconnection

Eastwood, J. P.; Lavraud, B.; Hasegawa, H. +8 more

Various physical processes in association with magnetic reconnection occur over multiple scales from the microscopic to macroscopic scale lengths. This paper reviews multi-scale and cross-scale aspects of magnetic reconnection revealed in the near-Earth space beyond the general global-scale features and magnetospheric circulation organized by the …