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Explosive Magnetotail Activity

Khotyaintsev, Yuri; Velli, Marco; Runov, Andrei +13 more

Modes and manifestations of the explosive activity in the Earth's magnetotail, as well as its onset mechanisms and key pre-onset conditions are reviewed. Two mechanisms for the generation of the pre-onset current sheet are discussed, namely magnetic flux addition to the tail lobes, or other high-latitude perturbations, and magnetic flux evacuation…

Dimensionality, Coordinate System and Reference Frame for Analysis of In-Situ Space Plasma and Field Data

Wei, Y.; Zong, Q. -G.; Hasegawa, H. +11 more

In the analysis of in-situ space plasma and field data, an establishment of the coordinate system and the frame of reference, helps us greatly simplify a given problem and provides the framework that enables a clear understanding of physical processes by ordering the experimental data. For example, one of the most important tasks of space data ana…

Dayside Aurora

Strangeway, Robert J.; Frey, Harald U.; Nishimura, Yukitoshi +5 more

Dayside aurora is related to processes in the dayside magnetosphere and especially at the dayside magnetopause. A number of dayside aurora phenomena are driven by reconnection between the solar wind interplanetary magnetic field and the Earth's internal magnetic field at the magnetopause. We summarize the properties and origin of aurora at the cus…

Quiescent Discrete Auroral Arcs: A Review of Magnetospheric Generator Mechanisms

Echim, Marius M.; Borovsky, Joseph E.; Otto, Antonius +7 more

One of the longstanding questions of space science is: How does the Earth's magnetosphere generate auroral arcs? A related question is: What form of energy is extracted from the magnetosphere to drive auroral arcs? Not knowing the answers to these questions hinders our ability to determine the impact of auroral arcs on the magnetospheric system. M…