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Valley Relief of the Northeastern Part of Terra Cimmeria on Mars
Mukhamedzhanova, A. E.
A study of the valley topography of the northeastern part of Terra Cimmeria on Mars was carried out. The results of the study allow us to draw the following conclusions. (1) The morphology of the studied valley systems corresponds to their presumed fluvial origin. (2) The remains of the paleodelta in the Gusev crater, fragments of terrace levels t…
Changes in the Martian atmosphere induced by auroral electron precipitation
Gérard, J. -C.; Hubert, B.; Shematovich, V. I. +1 more
Typical auroral events in the Martian atmosphere, such as discrete and diffuse auroral emissions detected by UV spectrometers onboard ESA Mars Express and NASA MAVEN, are investigated. Auroral electron kinetic energy distribution functions and energy spectra of the upward and downward electron fluxes are obtained by electron transport calculations…
Initial analysis of ion fluxes in the magnetotail of Mars based on simultaneous measurements on Mars Express and Maven
Zelenyi, L. M.; Connerney, J. E. P.; Dubinin, E. M. +4 more
Simultaneous operation of two Mars satellites, equipped with instruments for the study of the plasma environment close to Mars, the European satellite Mars Express and American satellite MAVEN, allows one to investigate the influence of the interplanetary environment on the Martian magnetosphere and atmospheric losses, induced by the solar wind, f…
The influence of the ionosphere in subsurface Martian soil sounding experiments and a method of its correction
Smirnov, V. M.; Yushkova, O. V.
The problem of radar sounding of the Martian soil from an orbiting spacecraft is analyzed. The influence of the ionosphere on the results of remote sounding is revealed through the results of numerical modeling and actual subsurface soil sounding experiments carried out using the MARSIS radar sounder aboard the Mars-Express spacecraft. A method of…
Project of the mission to Phobos
Zelenyi, L. M.; Zakharov, A. V.; Polischuk, G. M. +1 more
This article provides the main scientific objectives and characteristics of the Phobos-Soil project, intended to fly to the Martian satellite Phobos, deliver its soil samples to the Earth, as well as explore Phobos, Mars, and the Martian environment with onboard scientific instruments. We give the basic parameters of the ballistic scenario of the …
The selection and characterization of the Phobos-Soil landing sites
Basilevsky, A. T.; Shingareva, T. V.
This paper shortly describes the selection technique for the landing sites of the Phobos-Soil spacecraft, the characteristics of the Phobos relief, the history of choosing the potential landing sites in the process of working on the project, and the suggestions to shift the landing sites to the region recently imaged by the Mars Express spacecraft…
The retrieval of altitude profiles of the Martian aerosol microphysical characteristics from the limb measurements of the Mars Express OMEGA spectrometer
Bibring, J. -P.; Vasilyev, A. V.; Mayorov, B. S.
Parameterization of the spectral dependence of the optical characteristics of Martian aerosols has been proposed for processing the results of measurements of outgoing radiation. A method for retrieving the altitude profiles of the microphysical characteristics of Martian aerosols from the limb spectrometry of the OMEGA instrument of the Mars Expr…
A study of the bound water, water ice, and frost distribution over the Martian surface: Treatment and correcting of the data of observations with the OMEGA spectrometer onboard Mars Express
Fedorova, A. A.; Kuzmin, R. O.; Rodin, A. V. +3 more
The results of the analysis of the spectral observations of Mars carried out with the OMEGA spectrometer onboard the Mars Express spacecraft are presented. The data from one of the spectrometer’s channels working in the near-IR spectral range (0.93-2.69 µm) were analyzed. This range includes the characteristic absorption bands of both condensed wa…
Reconstruction of the surface topography from single images with the photometric method
Bondarenko, N. V.; Dulova, I. A.; Skuratovsky, S. I. +1 more
The possibility of reconstructing the surface topography from single images with the photometric method in the linear approximation is analyzed. The photometric method or surface topography Reconstruction employs a statistical approach to the problem formulation and is the most mathematically correct. This method allows determination of the most p…
The Olympus volcano on Mars: Geometry and characteristics of lava flows
Neukum, G.; HRSC Co-Investigator Team; Basilevskaya, E. A.
The HRSC (image 0037) and MOC imagery and MOLA altimetry were used to determine the following parameters of the lava flows typical of the southern slope of the Martian volcano Olympus: the length (13-35 km), the width (0.2-4.8 km), and the angles of ground slopes along which these flows advanced (3.4°-6.9°). To measure the thickness of the flows, …