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The Solar Wind Energy Flux
Issautier, K.; Meyer-Vernet, N.; Le Chat, G.
The solar-wind energy flux measured near the Ecliptic is known to be independent of the solar-wind speed. Using plasma data from Helios, Ulysses, and Wind covering a large range of latitudes and time, we show that the solar-wind energy flux is independent of the solar-wind speed and latitude within 10 %, and that this quantity varies weakly over t…
Coronal Density Structures and CMEs: Superior Solar Conjunctions of Mars Express, Venus Express, and Rosetta: 2004, 2006, and 2008
Tellmann, Silvia; Tyler, G. Leonard; Tsurutani, Bruce T. +5 more
Coronal radio-sounding experiments were carried out using the S-band (2.3 GHz) and X-band (8.4 GHz) signals of the ESA Mars Express, Venus Express, and Rosetta spacecraft during five superior conjunctions occurring in 2004, 2006 (3×), and 2008/2009. Differential frequency and propagation delay (ranging) observations were recorded during these oppo…
Multi-spacecraft Study of the 8 November 2000 SEP Event: Electron Injection Histories 100° Apart
Lario, D.; Vainio, R.; Kilpua, E. +3 more
We present the analysis of a large solar near-relativistic electron event observed by the Ulysses and the ACE spacecraft on 8 November 2000, when Ulysses was located at a heliocentric distance of 2.4 AU and at a heliographic latitude of ∼80° S. We use a particle propagation model to infer the local interplanetary transport conditions and the injec…
Energetic Particles Measured in and out of the Ecliptic Plane During the Last Gnevyshev Gap
Rodríguez-Pacheco, J.; Gómez-Herrero, R.; Heber, B. +1 more
We analyzed the temporal variation of energetic particles measured by the Low Energy Telescope (LET), the Kiel Electron Telescope (KET), and the High Energy Telescope (HET) instruments aboard Ulysses and the Electron Proton Helium Instrument (EPHIN) aboard SOHO during the last solar magnetic field polarity reversal in 2001. We have found two perio…