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A magnified compact galaxy at redshift 9.51 with strong nebular emission lines
Koekemoer, Anton M.; Treu, Tommaso; Broadhurst, Tom +21 more
Ultraviolet light from early galaxies is thought to have ionized gas in the intergalactic medium. However, there are few observational constraints on this epoch because of the faintness of those galaxies and the redshift of their optical light into the infrared. We report the observation, in JWST imaging, of a distant galaxy that is magnified by g…
Constraints on the Hubble constant from supernova Refsdal's reappearance
Treu, Tommaso; Broadhurst, Tom; Filippenko, Alexei V. +27 more
The gravitationally lensed supernova Refsdal appeared in multiple images produced through gravitational lensing by a massive foreground galaxy cluster. After the supernova appeared in 2014, lens models of the galaxy cluster predicted that an additional image of the supernova would appear in 2015, which was subsequently observed. We use the time de…
Inspiraling streams of enriched gas observed around a massive galaxy 11 billion years ago
Fan, Xiaohui; Cai, Zheng; Li, Qiong +19 more
Stars form in galaxies, from gas that has been accreted from the intergalactic medium. Simulations have shown that recycling of gas—the reaccretion of gas that was previously ejected from a galaxy—could sustain star formation in the early Universe. We observe the gas surrounding a massive galaxy at redshift 2.3 and detect emission lines from neutr…
A cosmic stream of atomic carbon gas connected to a massive radio galaxy at redshift 3.8
Lehnert, Matthew D.; De Breuck, Carlos; Mandelker, Nir +7 more
The growth of galaxies in the early Universe is driven by accretion of circum- and intergalactic gas. Simulations have predicted that steady streams of cold gas penetrate the dark matter halos of galaxies and provide the raw material necessary to sustain star formation. We report a filamentary stream of gas that extends for 100 kiloparsecs and con…