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A brief review of “solar flare effects” on the ionosphere

Lakhina, G. S.; Tsurutani, B. T.; Verkhoglyadova, O. P. +3 more

The study of solar flare effects (SFEs) on the ionosphere is having a renaissance. The development of GPS ground and satellite data for scientific use has opened up new means for high time resolution research on SFEs. At present, without continuous flare photon spectra (X rays, EUV, UV, and visible) monitoring instrumentation, the best way to mode…