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Ion energy distributions and densities in the plume of Enceladus
Omidi, Nojan; Waite, J. Hunter; Cravens, Thomas E. +2 more
Enceladus has a dynamic plume that is emitting gas, including water vapor, and dust. The gas is ionized by solar EUV radiation, charge exchange, and electron impact and extends throughout the inner magnetosphere of Saturn. The charge exchange collisions alter the plasma composition. Ice grains (dust) escape from the vicinity of Enceladus and form …
Planetary heat flow from shallow subsurface measurements: Mars
Hagermann, Axel; Cornwall, Marc
Planetary heat flow probes measure heat flow (depth-resolved temperature and thermal conductivity) to provide insight into the internal state of a planet. The probes have been utilized extensively on Earth, twice on the Moon, and once on the Surface of comet 67P-CG. Mars is an important target for heat flow measurement as heat flow is a critical p…
Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, location of pristine material?
Kossacki, Konrad J.
This work is intended to answer the question, whether on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko pristine, not hardened material can be locally preserved close to the surface. Simulated is the thermally driven sintering of ice-dust grains underlying the dust mantle. Considered is the Ma'at region located at the north side of the small lobe Head. It is sho…
Probing the interstellar dust in galaxies over >10 Gyr of cosmic history
York, Donald G.; Kulkarni, Varsha P.; Welty, Daniel E. +3 more
Dust has a profound effect on the physics and chemistry of the interstellar gas in galaxies and on the appearance of galaxies. Understanding the cosmic evolution of dust with time is therefore crucial for understanding the evolution of galaxies. Despite the importance of interstellar dust, very little is known about its nature and composition in d…
Foreshock ions observed behind the Martian bow shock
Coates, A. J.; Lundin, R.; Yamauchi, M. +4 more
The Mars Express Analyzer of Space Plasmas and Energetic Atoms experiment contains ion and electron instruments for conducting plasma measurements. On January 23, 2012, during in-bound travel of Mars Express in the southern hemisphere of Mars from its dawn side toward periapsis at dusk, the plasma instruments measured foreshock-like ion beams exte…
Corrigendum to "Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, location of pristine material?" [Planet. Space Sci. 125 (2016) 96-104]
kossacki, Konrad J.
In this paper was investigated evolution of the material structure in selected locations on the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The shape of the surface was described by the shape model SHAP4s v1.0. The considered locations i.e. sectors of the surface were marked in Fig. 1.
Interfacial Tension-Driven Differentiation-(ITDD) may result in a low-density central region inside kilometer-sized bodies
Arias, Francisco J.
Interfacial Tension-Driven Differentiation, (ITDD), and its possible significance with regards to the interior structures of kilometer-sized bodies is discussed. Using a simple physical and geometrical model, an analytical expression for the conditions in which ITDD can occur is derived. It is shown that ITDD coupled with internal convection can l…