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Survey of caveats in low-energy particle measurements: Ulysses/HI-SCALE and ACE/EPAM Instruments

Malandraki, O. E.; Anagnostopoulos, G. C.; Marhavilas, P. K.

"Heliosphere Instrument for Spectra, Composition, and Anisotropy at Low Energies" (HI-SCALE) onboard the ULYSSES spacecraft, and "Electron, Proton, and Alpha Monitor" (EPAM) onboard the ACE spacecraft, are very similar instruments and were designed to make measurements of ions and electrons over a broad range of energy and intensity. The ions (E