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The Planetary Fourier Spectrometer (PFS) onboard the European Mars Express mission
Grigoriev, A.; Rodrigo, R.; Rodriguez, J. +44 more
The Planetary Fourier Spectrometer (PFS) for the Mars Express mission is an infrared spectrometer optimised for atmospheric studies. This instrument has a short wave (SW) channel that covers the spectral range from 1700 to 8200.0cm-1 (1.2- 5.5µm) and a long-wave (LW) channel that covers 250- 1700cm-1 (5.5- 45µm). …
Methods for the analysis of data from the Planetary Fourier Spectrometer on the Mars Express Mission
Ignatiev, N. I.; Zasova, L. V.; Formisano, V. +4 more
This work presents an algorithm for the scientific analysis of individual calibrated measurements from the Planetary Fourier spectrometer (PFS). The instrument, included in the scientific payload of the ESA Mars Express mission to Mars, acquires spectra in the range between 250 and 8200 cm -1, with a sampling step of ∼1 cm -1…
Calibration of the Planetary Fourier Spectrometer long wavelength channel
Piccioni, G.; Grassi, D.; Khatuntsev, I. +17 more
The Planetary Fourier Spectrometer (PFS) experiment on board the Mars Express mission has two channels covering the 1.2-5 µm (SWC) and the 5-50 µm (LWC). The Long Wavelength Channel (LWC) measures the thermal emission spectrum of Mars between 200 and 2000 cm -1 with a spectral resolution of 1.4 cm -1, in absence o…
Planetary Fourier spectrometer data analysis: Fast radiative transfer models
Grassi, D.; Ignatiev, N. I.; Zasova, L. V.
We present fast algorithms used in IKI and IFSI for the analysis of the Martian spectra measured in the Planetary Fourier Spectrometer (PFS) experiment onboard Mars Express orbiter. The first algorithm is based on a new very general and precise approach applicable to planetary atmospheres with quite arbitrary absorption and scattering properties. …
A solar spectrum for PFS data analysis
Formisano, Vittorio; Fiorenza, Carlo
A measured calibrated solar radiance in the range 1.2- 5µm, with the spectral sampling of 1cm-1 does not exist. When studying the measured Planetary Fourier Spectrometer (PFS) spectra of the Earth's or Mars's atmosphere we discover that the most used solar spectrum contains several important errors. Here we present a "calibrated" …
Calibration of the Planetary Fourier Spectrometer short wavelength channel
Piccioni, G.; Grassi, D.; Moshkin, B. E. +18 more
The Planetary Fourier Spectrometer (PFS) experiment on board the Mars Express mission has two channels covering the 1.2-5.5 µm short wavelength channel (SWC) and the 5.5-45 µm (LWC). The SWC measures part of the thermal emission spectrum and the solar reflected spectrum of Mars between 1700 and 8200 cm -1 with a spectral res…
Analysis of CO2 non-LTE emissions at 4.3µm in the Martian atmosphere as observed by PFS/Mars Express and SWS/ISO
López-Puertas, M.; López-Moreno, J. J.; Lellouch, E. +5 more
Daytime nadir spectra of the Martian atmosphere taken by the planetary Fourier spectrometer/Mars Express (PFS) and by the infrared space observatory (ISO) in the 4.3µm region are analyzed using a theoretical non-LTE model of the CO2 infrared emissions in that atmosphere. Averaged spectra from these instruments show a double peak s…
Water clouds and dust aerosols observations with PFS MEX at Mars
Grigoriev, A.; Lellouch, E.; Piccioni, G. +18 more
Observations of water ice clouds and dust are among the main scientific goals of the Planetary Fourier Spectrometer (PFS), a payload instrument of the European Mars Express mission. We report some results, obtained in three orbits: 37, 41 and 68. The temperature profile, and dust and water ice cloud opacities are retrieved from the thermal infrare…
The Martian atmosphere above great volcanoes: Early planetary Fourier spectrometer observations
Grassi, D.; Ignatiev, N. I.; Zasova, L. V. +4 more
This work reports the first observations of the Martian atmosphere returned by the planetary Fourier spectrometer (PFS) on board of Mars express (MEX) satellite in the vicinity of the greatest volcanic domes of the planet. Two of the early MEX orbits have already covered the region of Olympus Mons and Ascraeus Mons. These measurements are very sim…
The ground calibration setup of OMEGA and VIRTIS experiments: description and performances
Langevin, Yves; Gondet, Brigitte; Bonello, Guillaume +4 more
Hyperspectral imagery is an essential technique for remote sensing of surfaces and atmospheres of planetary objects. However, given the instrumental complexity of coupling imaging and spectroscopy, in particular in the infrared, an in-depth ground calibration is mandatory to enable an unbiased and optimized data reduction. This paper presents the …