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Observation of Alfvén Wave Reflection in the Solar Chromosphere: Ponderomotive Force and First Ionization Potential Effect

Stangalini, Marco; Long, David M.; Brooks, David H. +7 more

We investigate the propagation of Alfvén waves in the solar chromosphere, distinguishing between upward and downward propagating waves. We find clear evidence for the reflection of waves in the chromosphere and differences in propagation between cases with waves interpreted to be resonant or nonresonant with the overlying coronal structures. This …

Turbulent Kinetic Energy in the Energy Balance of a Solar Flare

Harra, L. K.; Kontar, E. P.; Perez, J. E. +5 more

The energy released in solar flares derives from a reconfiguration of magnetic fields to a lower energy state, and is manifested in several forms, including bulk kinetic energy of the coronal mass ejection, acceleration of electrons and ions, and enhanced thermal energy that is ultimately radiated away across the electromagnetic spectrum from opti…