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Unexpected major geomagnetic storm caused by faint eruption of a solar trans-equatorial flux rope

Zhang, Qingmin; Ji, Haisheng; Su, Yingna +1 more

Some geomagnetic storms' solar origins are ambiguous, making them hard to predict. On March 23, 2023, a severe geomagnetic storm occurred, however, forecasts based on remote-sensing observations failed to predict it. Here, we show clear evidence that this storm originates from the eruption of a trans-equatorial, longitudinal and low-density magnet…