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Photochemical depletion of heavy CO isotopes in the Martian atmosphere
Montmessin, Franck; Belyaev, Denis A.; Fedorova, Anna A. +12 more
The atmosphere of Mars is enriched in heavy isotopes with respect to Earth as a result of the escape of the atmosphere to space over billions of years. Estimating this enrichment requires a rigorous understanding of all atmospheric processes that contribute to the evolution of isotopic ratios between the lower and upper atmosphere, where escape pr…
An intense narrow equatorial jet in Jupiter's lower stratosphere observed by JWST
de Pater, Imke; Wong, Michael H.; Fletcher, Leigh N. +18 more
The atmosphere of Jupiter has east-west zonal jets that alternate as a function of latitude as tracked by cloud motions at tropospheric levels. Above and below the cold tropopause at ~100 mbar, the equatorial atmosphere is covered by hazes at levels where thermal infrared observations used to characterize the dynamics of the stratosphere lose part…
Vertical wind structure in an X-ray binary revealed by a precessing accretion disk
Fabian, A. C.; Reynolds, C. S.; Pinto, C. +11 more
The accretion of matter onto black holes and neutron stars often leads to the launching of outflows that can greatly affect the environments surrounding the compact object. An important means of studying these winds is through X-ray absorption line spectroscopy, which allows us to probe their properties along a single sightline, but usually provid…
Whistler-mode waves in Mercury's magnetosphere observed by BepiColombo/Mio
Sahraoui, Fouad; Kasaba, Yasumasa; Omura, Yoshiharu +10 more
Whistler-mode chorus waves are natural electromagnetic emissions known to play a key role in electron acceleration and loss mechanisms via wave-particle interactions in planetary magnetospheres. Chorus waves have not yet been detected in Mercury's magnetosphere due to the lack of suitable instruments in the probes that previously visited the plane…
An irradiated-Jupiter analogue hotter than the Sun
Maoz, Dan; Hallakoun, Na'ama; Leibundgut, Bruno +10 more
Planets orbiting close to hot stars experience intense extreme-ultraviolet radiation, potentially leading to atmosphere evaporation and to thermal dissociation of molecules. However, this extreme regime remains mainly unexplored due to observational challenges. Only a single known ultra-hot giant planet, KELT-9b, receives enough ultraviolet radiat…
Strong gravitational lensing by AGNs as a probe of the quasar-host relations in the distant Universe
Djorgovski, S. G.; Courbin, Frédéric; Sluse, Dominique +4 more
The tight correlations found between the mass of supermassive black holes and the luminosities, stellar masses and velocity dispersions of their host galaxies are often interpreted as a sign of their co-evolution. Studying these correlations across redshift provides a powerful insight into the evolutionary path followed by the quasar and its host …