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A cold, massive, rotating disk galaxy 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang
Prochaska, J. Xavier; Rafelski, Marc; Neeleman, Marcel +1 more
Massive disk galaxies like the Milky Way are expected to form at late times in traditional models of galaxy formation1,2, but recent numerical simulations suggest that such galaxies could form as early as a billion years after the Big Bang through the accretion of cold material and mergers3,4. Observationally, it has been dif…
The Magellanic Corona as the key to the formation of the Magellanic Stream.
Bland-Hawthorn, J.; Lucchini, S.; D'Onghia, E. +3 more
The dominant gaseous structure in the Galactic halo is the Magellanic Stream, an extended network of neutral and ionized filaments surrounding the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC/SMC), the two most massive satellite galaxies of the Milky Way. Recent observations indicate that the Clouds are on their first passage around our Galaxy, the Stre…
Spectroscopic confirmation of a mature galaxy cluster at a redshift of 2
Brammer, G.; Stanford, S. A.; Allen, S. W. +6 more
Galaxy clusters are the most massive virialized structures in the Universe and are formed through the gravitational accretion of matter over cosmic time1. The discovery2 of an evolved galaxy cluster at redshift z = 2, corresponding to a look-back time of 10.4 billion years, provides an opportunity to study its properties. The…